The main issue in modeling FSP is the high deformation that occurs due-

ing the process. Using a finite element model based on the full Lagrangian approach

results in element distortion due to the high plastic deformation. The element

distortion could be avoided using remeshing technique in ABAQUS, however,

using this technique increases the computational time drastically and not always

converges. Schmidt and Hattel [13] reported a computational time of 14 days

to reach a steady-state after 10 seconds of simulation time. The only reported

method to reduce the computational time was using mass scaling [15, 16], how-

ever, the computational time was still very high and the results were unrealistic

in some cases. None of the above-mentioned researches has discussed the diffi-

cultures encountered during the FE modeling of FSP using the ALE formulation

approach.

by using groove method and hole method.

chemical elements add in form of nano and micro level powder particles like 27micron size powder of B4C and many more.mainly Al2O3,TiO2,HAP,SiC is used for improve the surface and subsurface properties of materials.

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