I am planning to analyze Fullerene present in aqueous sample (or leachate). I would like to know proper method for pretreatment of aqueous sample (does pretreatment really need as in standard solutions or we can analyze directly?). How can we analyze Fullerene? Kindly explain the detail method with instrumentation (if possible) or suggest any working methods for it (low concentration is expected in sample).
I would be surprised if you could get significant amounts of unfunctionalized C60 in water. That stuff is basically as unpolar as you can get.
Concerning the analysis: Fullerenes have rather characteristic UV-Vis absorption properties, so you should be able to perform quantitative photometry quite easily. You can either set up your own calibration curve or you can use literature values for the extinction coefficients; they are rather well-characterized.
Thanks Dr. Jürgen Weippert . You are right. There are many literatures in which they mentioned Fullerene analysis in water samples but they have used already prepared aqueous Fullerene suspension and then extracted by SPE, L-L, evaporation methods rather from leachates or aqueous samples. In my case, the C60 (from solid waste) would be analyzed in acidic leachate collected using SPLP method (extraction solution; acetic acid, pH: 4.93) and I want to know whether C60 is leached out in leachate or not?
Fullerene (C60) is insoluble in water. It may be dispersed as aggregates, or the so-called fullerol, also essentially large aggregates.
A well dispersed fullerene solute has a characteristic purple hue. In aggregates, this turns to a yellow/brownish colour, due to the appearance of intermolecular charge transfer bands at ~450nm. Once the C60 molecules aggregate, it is very hard to quantify them.
"Comprehensive Analysis of Intermolecular Charge Transfer Excited States in C60 and C70 Films", S. Kazaoui, N. Minami, Y. Tanabe, H.J. Byrne, A. Eilmes and P. Petelenz, Phys. Rev. B12, 7689 (1998)
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