I want to measure canopy area of nesting trees used by lesser adjutant stork. It nests on trees of height above 15 meter in general. Preferred tree is mostly the bombax ceiba (silk cotton) tree.
In addition to previous answers, in tropical forest for example allometric equations were eevelopped for crow diameter estimation ; and predictive variable IS diameter. Read Djomo&Chimi (2017)
Estimation of Forest Canopy Cover: a Comparison of Field Measurement Techniques
Lauri Korhonen, Kari T. Korhonen, Miina Rautiainen and Pauline StenbergKorhonen, L., Korhonen, K.T., Rautiainen, M. & Stenberg, P. 2006.
Estimation of forest canopy cover: a comparison of field measurement techniques. Silva Fennica 40(4): 577–588.Estimation of forest canopy cover has recently been included in many forest inventory pro-grammes. In this study, after discussing how canopy cover is defined, different ground-based canopy cover estimation techniques are compared to determine which would be the most feasible for a large scale forest inventory. Canopy cover was estimated in 19 Scots pine or Norway spruce dominated plots using the Cajanus tube, line intersect sampling, modified spherical densiometer, digital photographs, and ocular estimation. The comparisons were based on the differences in values acquired with selected techniques and control values acquired with the Cajanus tube. The statistical significance of the differences between the techniques was tested with the nonparametric Kruskall-Wallis analysis of variance and multiple com-parisons. The results indicate that different techniques yield considerably different canopy cover estimates. In general, labour intensive techniques (the Cajanus tube, line intersect sampling) provide unbiased and more precise estimates, whereas the estimates provided by fast techniques (digital photographs, ocular estimation) have larger variances and may also be seriously biased.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230776607_Estimation_of_Forest_Canopy_Cover_a_Comparison_of_Field_Measurement_Techniques [accessed Oct 09 2020].
The hemispherical photograph method is the best way to calculate canopy cover. You need a fisheye lens for that. You can use different software like ImageJ, Hemisfer to analyze the photographs.
This might be helpful to you: Technical Report Hemispherical_2.0 – Batch processing hemispherical and canop...