It really depends on the properties of the hydrogel that you need. I dissolve my NIPAAm (5 % w/w) in water, then bubble with nitrogen or any other inert gas for 5 minutes to purge any oxygen from the solution. I continue bubbling then add 8 % v/wt solution tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED) first which controls the rate of free radicals that are produced followed by 0.8% w/wt monomer of ammonium persulfate (APS), which initiates the reaction. Stir while bubbling for about 30 seconds and seal the container. You should notice a difference in viscosity within the first hour or two depending on the APS concentration. After 24 h, I purify my hydrogels with PBS changes for one week at 50 °C. This will help to remove any unreacted molecules from the hydrogel network. Freeze dry the hydrogel and reconstitute in whatever concentrations desired. Try playing with the initial monomer concentration and APS if you want to vary the properties.
PNIPAM hydrogel can be prepared by using precipitation polymerization. The NIPAM monomer (2.5 g), MBAAm cross-linker (0.025 g), and various amounts of sodium chloride should be dissolved in 45 g of distilled water in a a reflux condenser, a Teflon paddle stirrer, and a nitrogen gas inlet. You can find the details for the reactoins as well as the characterization methods in the article "Preparation and Characterization of Micrometer-Sized Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) Hydrogel Particles ".
There are several ways to make PNIPAm hydrogels and depends on which kind of initiator U used. I have prepared PNIPAm hydrogels using photo polymerisation and their composites with cellulose fibers too.
For making PNIPAm hydrogel please follow attached paper (see the 2.3. for details)
Dually crosslinked injectable hydrogels of poly (ethylene glycol) and poly [(2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate]-b-poly (N-isopropyl acrylamide) as a wound healing...
AK singh Chandel, D Kannan, N Bhingaradiya, S Singh, SK Jewrajka
What is difference between PNIPAM and NIPAM? I have bought PNIPAM powder from Sigma Aldrich. What is the best way to make a thermosensitive PNIPAM hydrogel from the powder?