I am trying to simulate FSW in CEL using abaqus. I am trying to replicate exactly the same simulation of this paper :Article Coupled Eulerian Lagrangian finite element modeling of frict...

. But the problem is I don't know how to define and model the void space above the Workpiece. What material should I assign? How should I give predefined field for volume fraction? Should I define any material to the void space?
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