How to calculate binding efficiency(%) of nanoparticle in heavy metal removal for waste waste water treatment?
Given; Dose (g/L) = X g of nanoparticles was used for 1 L of waste water containing heavy metal for removal, Initial Concentration (mg/L) = Y mg of heavy metal were present in 1 L of heavy metal solution (waste water), Adsorption Capacity (mg/g) = Z mg of metal adsorbed by 1 g of nanoparticle, What is binding efficiency (%) ? [Attached Ref. Separation and Purification Technology, 58 (2007) 76-82]. Thank you in advance.
So, from the publication I can see the following: 1) sorption capacity 25,8 mg/g and 19,4 mg/g; 2) initial concentration=200 mg/L; 3)mass of the sorbent=0,2 g; 4) volume of solution=40mL.
It should be 64,5% (qmax=25,8 mg/g) and 48,5% (qmax=19,4 mg/g).
But as this is calculated from isotherm studies, I don't see a good reason, why one needs to express sorption efficiency in %...
Normally % binding or % removal of heavy metal on the adsorbent is calculated as follows: ((C0-Cr)/C0)*100; C0 is the initial concentration and Cr the residual concentration of metal at equilibrium
Binding efficiency is synonymy to Uptake Capacity of adsorbent. It is applicable for any kind of the adsorbent even for nano adsorbent and can be calculated from following equation (Ci - Ct)V/W and it is representing binding efficiency whereas % removal of adsorbate by the adsorbent is not binding efficiency and can be calculated by the equation ((C0-Cr)/C0)*100;
There is very, very small number of publications, where "binding efficiency" is used, therefore I would not recommend to use this expression! "Removal efficiency" is usually used.
"Meanwhile, the initial investigations showed that raw okara exhibited very low adsorption capacity (0.8 mg P/g) and removal efficiency (4%) for phosphate ions (initial phosphorus concentration of 100 mg/L, biosorbent dose of 5 g/L, shaking speed of 200 rpm after 24 h of contact time at room temperature)."
the adsorbed quantity =eliminated quantity from solution
and (Ci - Ct)V/W is the adsorbed amount
Binding capacity means Nano particles heavy metal uptake or adsorption capacity. You can calculate it as qe(mg/g) = (Co (mg/L) - Ce (mg/L)) * V (L)/m (g).
In fact uptake capacity and removal efficiency are more or less same
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