CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide 685 (GNKG168) is a synthetic 21-mer DNA sequence: 5'-TCGTCGACGTCGTTCGTTCTC-3'. This sequence contains multiple CpG motifs, which are known for their immunostimulatory properties.

Phosphorothioate (PS) Linkages:

To enhance stability against nucleases and prolong the oligonucleotide's half-life in biological systems, it's common to modify the backbone with phosphorothioate linkages. In the case of GNKG168, the entire sequence is typically synthesized with these PS linkages, replacing the non-bridging oxygen in the phosphate backbone with sulfur atoms. This modification increases resistance to enzymatic degradation and is standard for CpG ODNs intended for in vivo applications.

Ordering Considerations:

When ordering GNKG168, specify the following:

Concentration and Volume Calculations:

To prepare a solution sufficient for 50 samples, with each sample requiring 100 µL, follow these steps:

Ordering Amount:

Considering potential losses during handling and to ensure you have a sufficient amount, it's prudent to order slightly more than the calculated requirement. In this example, ordering 1 mg (1000 µg) of GNKG168 would be appropriate.

Reconstitution Example:

If you receive 1 mg of lyophilized GNKG168:

• To achieve a concentration of 100 µg/mL: Dissolve the 1 mg in 10 mL of sterile saline or an appropriate buffer.
• For a concentration of 1 mg/mL: Dissolve the 1 mg in 1 mL of sterile solution.

Ensure that the reconstitution volume aligns with your experimental design and the required working concentrations.

Additional Considerations:

• Storage: Store the lyophilized oligonucleotide and its solutions according to the manufacturer's recommendations, typically at -20°C for long-term storage.
• Handling: Use nuclease-free materials and solutions to prevent degradation.
• Documentation: Request a certificate of analysis (COA) from the supplier to confirm the sequence, purity, and concentration of the oligonucleotide.

By specifying these details when ordering, you can ensure that the GNKG168 oligonucleotide meets your experimental needs.