What is the best extraction method of sulfonamides group from honey samples?
during the testing of the same sample over a period of a time we noticed that concentration of sulfonamides drugs increase in honey sample? any explanation of that?
Добрый день, уважаемая Мариям в наших условиях для определения сульфаниламидов применяется вот это методика
The extraction of sulfonamides from honey samples depends on several key factors:
1. Extraction Solvent: The choice of solvent is critical for efficient analyte extraction. Given the polarity of sulfonamides log Kow ranging from (-0.50 to -0.60), methanol, acetonitrile, or a mixture of the two are suitable options. The pH of the extraction solvent should also be considered to ensure sulfonamides are in their non-ionized form, typically around pH 2-3.
2. Sample Preparation: Honey's high viscosity, complex matrix (sugars, proteins, phytochemicals), and potential heterogeneity pose challenges for extraction. Sonication or incubation (30-60 minutes, at least 50°C) can facilitate analyte release and improve extraction efficiency.
3. Clean-Up: Effective clean-up is crucial to remove matrix interferences. Several methods can be employed:
Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE): This technique can be effective, but careful optimization is needed to avoid emulsions and ensure good recovery. Injection volumes should be carefully controlled to prevent overloading the HPLC column.
Dispersive Solid-Phase Extraction (d-SPE): This technique utilizes sorbents like primary secondary amine (PSA) or C18 powder to selectively remove matrix interferences, offering a rapid and efficient cleanup step.
However, we previously published a research paper detailing a simple and cost-effective method for the extraction and analysis of 41 antibiotics, including over 15 sulfonamide compounds, from honey. You can access the publication for a detailed methodology.
https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/VM84I5S8GUM6GCIEAGZH/full?target=10.1080/03067319.2024.2339456
Article Development and validation of a multiclass method for the de...
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