When following the proper methods of collecting samples and instructions followed closely to protect the sample from damage and preparing it to suit the type of test required .
It is different for different parameters.
Biological = 24 hours
Heavy metals = up to one year
Depends on sample, ex. blood for hematological tests not more than four hours.
It depends on which tests you want to perform and the type of sample:
When the sample is plasma, like for coagulation testing, its stability is four hours at room temperature.
When it is serum, like for Immuno testing, its stability is 6 to 8 days at room temperature
The storage of sample depend on the type of sample and the type of analysis
Check this paper
Stability study of 81 analytes in human whole blood, in serum and in plasma
Christiane Oddoze (Clin Biochem 2012)
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