The time taken by our eyes to see any visible object at a distance is essentially instantaneous. The speed of light is approximately 186,282 miles per second (or 299,792 kilometers per second), which is incredibly fast. As a result, we perceive the light from an object the moment it enters our eyes.
However, the total time taken for our brain to process this information is not instantaneous. The signal from the light entering our eyes has to be converted into electrical signals by the photoreceptors in our retinas, which are then transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve.
The brain then has to interpret these signals. Overall, this process takes a small fraction of a second - about 13 milliseconds according to some scientific studies. This might vary based on the complexity of the scene, light conditions, and other factors.
A team of neuroscientists from MIT has found that the human brain can process entire images that the eye sees for as little as 13 milliseconds — the first evidence of such rapid processing speed.