Hello,

The concept of Satan has different explanations in religious traditions.In the Islamic tradition, Satan was an archangel who refused to accept the superiority of Adam so that when God asked the angles to kneel down and respect Adam, Satan refused and asked God to be given time for alluring the sons of Adam off the rectified path, which the servants of God were supposed to follow. I agree with the second option where you say devil exits as a projection of evil desires in human psyche.I hope that the following links can provide you with the answers you are looking for.

1) https://d3uet6ae1sqvww.cloudfront.net/pdf/.../know-the-enemy-revealing-truths-about-s..

2). www.hourofthetime.com/1-LF/Hour_Of_The_Time_08122012-Marx_and_Satan.pdf

Best regards,

R. Biria

Thank you, Reza.

There is no devil in Hindu tradition, but there is a division within humans having two different kinds of constitution of minds. One having a divine attributes and another having demoniac attributes. These two constitution arise from the kind of subtle materials of which the mind is made up. These subtle materials are derived from food and other sources and are classified as three qualities of mother nature known as three Gunas. These are Satva, Rajas and Tamas. A god like person has predominance of Satva. A king like person has predominance of Rajas and a Demoniac person has predominance of Tamas. Details of three Gunas are described in Chapter 14 of Bhagavad Gita, and details of divine and demoniac attributes are described in chapter 16 of Bhagavad Gita.

Srimad Bhagavad Gita by Swami Vireshwarananda

http://www.amazon.com/Bhagavad-Srimad-Gloss-Sridhara-Swami/dp/8171204023

?aTH�y

Many religions contain an enemy of the system: a being that questions why things are the way they are, who challenges the supreme power(s), who accuses them of hypocrisy and who leads mankind away from cosmic ideals of subservience and acquiescence1. Satan often represents the world itself2. It has not appeared universally and many cultures lack any such centralized figure of evil3. In those places where it did arise there has not been a common path of development4. The root of the word Satan comes from ha-satan, a Hebrew word meaning "the accuser", "opposer" and "the adversary", or as a verb, "to accuse" and "to oppose". Anyone could be described as ha satan depending on their actions. The Septuagint Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures rendered the word as diabolus, from which we get the word "devil". In Christianity it is Satan, The Devil; in Islam it is Shaitan or Iblis and in Buddhism it is Māra, which means "bringer of death"5. All these opposing beings promote the materialism of this world, rather than the more spiritual route of abstaining from stuff in order to obtain the next world. In other words, the primary role of Satan, in its various guises in world religions, is the rejection of spiritual wishful-thinking, and the embrace of our present real-world life. It seems that from the point of view of philosophical naturalism, Satan turns out to be the "good" guy!

-- Vexen Crabtree

In mainstream Christianity, the Devil (or Satan) is a fallen angel who rebelledagainst God. Satan was expelled from Heaven and sent to Earth. The devil is often identified as the serpent in the Garden of Eden, whose persuasions led to the two corresponding Christian doctrines: the Original Sin and its cure, the Redemption of Jesus Christ. He is also identified as the accuser of Job, the tempter of the Gospels,Leviathan and the dragon in the Book of Revelation.

Thank you very much, Vikram and Mutasem.

Thank you very much, Vikram and Mutasem.

You are simply amazing, Nirmala and Barbara, in your contributions. Thanks for your references.

According to science the nature of gost is only in two parameter one halucanation and optical illusion I believe rebirth but I won't believe sprit or soul

Dear Colleagues, Good Day,

"Devil (Islam)

"Iblis" redirects here. For other uses, see Iblis (disambiguation).

"Shaytan" and "Shaitan" redirect here. For the 2011 Indian film, see Shaitan (film). For the 1974 film, see Shaitaan (film). For Shai'tan, see The Wheel of Time. For the village in Iran, see Gerd Sheytan. For the genus of spider, see Shaitan (spider).

In Islam, the devil is called Shayṭān (Arabic: شيطان‎‎, plural: شياطين shayāṭīn) and refers to all evil forces under leadership of the archdevil known as Iblīs (or Eblis), who was cast out of heaven after he refused to prostrate before Adam.

The primary characteristic of Iblis is hubris; not only did he deem himself a superior creation to Adam, he also demonstrated arrogance by challenging God's judgment in commanding him to prostrate. His primary activity is to incite humans and jinn to commit evil through deception, which is referred to as "whispering into the hearts." The Quran mentions that devils are the assistants of those who disbelieve and commit immorality",...

Please, press on the attached website link for the rest of the article,...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_(Islam)

I do agree with Dr.Mutasem comment.

Best regards,

Emad

Greetings,

While those describing the different religious beliefs are on point, regarding what the different traditions teach, for me, evil is holding and behaving according to the worldview core perception that self and others (people and all nature) are separate and disconnected in a cause and effect relationship in which time is viewed as linear and perceptions are valued hierarchically and dualistically , i,e, good vs, bad, right vs. wrong, male vs, female, power vs, no power, color vs, white, etc. The list of dualisms are endless. These dualisms become our social issues. Anytime we treat or interact with someone or thing with this core perception, we are purposely or unknowingly doing what estranges us from our natural being and the natural reality of being interconnected according to individual and collective uniqueness, as an on-going here and now creative process of mutual affirmation of that natural uniqueness and the co-construction of meaning.

Healthy is not dualistic, in terms of opposition or control. Each of us hold within our perceptions each of these worldviews, but we tend to be dominated by one more than the other.

For what it may mean to you.

Best regards,

John

I personally feel that the devil or the satan is the negativity which we have within ourselves which we have to fight and throw out to live a positive life.

I think devil means the forces targeting a community to make it down. Often human groups are envy of other groups. And one group estimated others devil in the history. Later when life was somewhat peaceful, people started to search its own lacunae.

'Saitan' and devil means all forces and creatures which make a man afraid.

In the days of the Old Testament, “satan” was a general term for that which was opposed or adverse. It means “enemy/adversary”. The angel of the Lord that stood in the way of Balaam and his donkey is called a “satan” against Balaam (Number 22:32), God raises up Hadad of Edom as a “satan” against Solomon (1 Kings 11:14), God raises up individuals, nations, and spiritual entities as “satans” numerous times for various adversarial purposes (1 Samuel 29:4). In this way “satan” is just a generic term for an adversarial role. To this day, much of Jewish tradition believes “satan” to be the evil inclination of humans and having no power except through our evil actions.

As we can see, the biblical witness concerning the ontology of “the satan” and his “demons” is not exactly consistent. Much of it is most likely myth, which serves a purpose to get at a reality we don’t understand… but is not literal. Just to be clear, the word “myth” is not to say something is not true. It is to say that a certain story or parable is created to relate to us on our conceptual level concerning a higher reality that we cannot yet comprehend.

“Satan” (“adversary”) is not a myth – we all experience a dark adversarial dynamic in this universe. Rather, it is possible that some of the stories regarding this evil cosmic presence are myth, using personification and the power of narrative to denote a reality of the cosmic presence of evil, its accusatory and adversarial element, and its destiny of being defeated.

--Jocob Wright

According to the nature if good exist then bad also exist.So in all religion there is both good as well as evil. Inside each of us, there is the seed of both good and evil. It's a constant struggle as to which one will win. And one cannot exist without the other. Scripture is full of words like "good', "evil", "sin", "righteous", "unrighteous", "wicked".

Many religions contain an enemy of the system: a being that questions why things are the way they are, who challenges the supreme power(s), who accuses them of hypocrisy and who leads mankind away from cosmic ideals of subservience and acquiescence1. Satan often represents the world itself It has not appeared universally and many cultures lack any such centralized figure of evil3. In those places where it did arise there has not been a common path of development4. The root of the word Satan comes from ha-satan, a Hebrew word meaning "the accuser", "opposer" and "the adversary", or as a verb, "to accuse" and "to oppose". Anyone could be described as ha satan depending on their actions. The Septuagint Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures rendered the word as diabolus, from which we get the word "devil". In Christianity it is Satan, The Devil; in Islam it is Shaitan or Iblis and in Buddhism it is Māra, which means "bringer of death"5. All these opposing beings promote the materialism of this world, rather than the more spiritual route of abstaining from stuff in order to obtain the next world. In other words, the primary role of Satan, in its various guises in world religions, is the rejection of spiritual wishful-thinking, and the embrace of our present real-world life. It seems that from the point of view of philosophical naturalism, Satan turns out to be the "good" guy!

Vexen Crabtree

To my understand it is just as the program of paranormal practicing about the ghost which is an evil element . Quite often focusing in the environment of certain areas or in certain cases Resi areas .To this devil & Satan both remain in the evil manner as the part of the society . It is said that wherever our body left the journey of the life the body of the life , the body does not exist at all but the soul which is everlasting & never leaves along with the body it keeps with them the positive & negative elements of the life keeping with them the part of next journey for the dead body .

In social work for human beings we find with them the positive & negative elements & in certain cases this negative elements will not take the shape of the birth of the human being but they act & achieve in their astral form moving around as a part of their early action of their previous lives .This astral form either in the form of the devil or Satan moving in an unidentified manner with their image reflecting in the dangerous manner with their image showing also a disturbing face image.

It is the fact that our disturbing ,harmful & damages action of our earlier previous lives has brought all the evil elements while such body left their journey , & this disturbing action remain the part of the destiny in the evil form & the manner move along the earthly atmosphere in the form of astral body disturbing such a human beings to whom they have preferred to harm & damage them for fulfilling their earlier action of their previous lives . We whom will come in contact in their earlier life.It has been said that they are the evil elements moving in the astral form for damaging the atmosphere & the person connected to make their life miserable.

I personally believe that religious practice & the power of prayer may control such evil element moving as devil & Satan in the form of society it is the fact that power of prayer can control such evil elements & when these elements enter in the body of the person the person remains in the control of such damaging elements behaving in a nasty behavior & action . In such cases very often because of the earlier action of the person getting the grace of the spiritual person suddenly that holy person take the control of such devil elements with his spiritual power either devil or Satan may not be in a position to phase the power of spiritual forces & by controlling them such spiritual power help both the devil & Satan to their original place .

Such evil elements are the nuisance for the society with the power of religion & spiritual forces such negative element to be send to their original places .

This is my personal opinion

Dear Rose Nkechi Uchem

For every human beings our pathway of end of our journey is very much certain & not in our hand . In our journey as human beings we carry out our action of life which remain positive & negative for which after the end of journey & our cremation both the traits come along with us for bringing the action of the fruits of our subsequent journey .

For this the reference of devil & Satan are nothing but the evil action under the spirit of the last journey & they come out under the astral form for moving along & disturbing the person who wanted to them . It is in this line the journey of devil & Satan start for nuisance for the certain people & also society along them .

In this line in order to evaluate their unhealthy action I have my publication under the name ‘’ The ugly returning journey of evil spirit for your perusal