I want to know from where I can find the topographic map of the world with contour values and latitude longitude, and how I can relate the topographical map and GeoTIFF image from SAR sensors using either matlab or ImageJ.
If you not fing geotiff format you can convert it using Er mapper software.
I would recommend the use of ECW format that is fast and my experience is that has high accuracy in coordinates (also compress a lot the images with very low resolution loss I use them to calculate my mountain bike tracks)
I have a "friend" who "found" the high resolution surface elevation (land and sea floor) files for the entire Earth on a server (which shall remain unnamed). The files are much too big to Email, but I might be able to find someone else's ftp server that we might "borrow" some space on long enough to transfer the files, if that's what you're looking for. The files are much too big to load into any commercial software, but I can write a little program in C to extract whatever subset you need. The 64-bit version of my graphics program can load anything and can read the files in their native format. It comes with lots of 2D and 3D demos. It also interpolates 2D, 3D, and 4D data, cuts, crops, and smooths surfaces and volumes, extracts contours, surfaces, and shells, and converts various file formats. Here's a link and there's some other software at the second link that might be of interest.
http://dudleybenton.altervista.org/software/TP2_603_64bit.zip
http://dudleybenton.altervista.org/software/index.html
The combined data set (land and sea) is in 4 parts, at 465MB each. The land only (zero for sea) is in 16 parts, at 100MB each. The points are 1/120th of a degree apart. I also have high resolution shorelines for the entire Earth in another file at 58MB.
now I am having the topographic map in pdf and tiff both formats, and I have a SAR image which is gray scale image and I want to land mask that image. so now my question is : how to find the land from that image using topographic map?
What you need to do is called indexing. You open both images and find unusual points (like the intersection of two roads or the point of a peninsula or bend in a river) on one and then the same point on the other. After you identify enough of these, the software can build a mapping transformation of one image to the other and then combine the two. I use Global Mapper for this. It works very well and does all sort of other useful things, like reading various GIS file formats. I started using it when it was only $39. Now it's $450. If you can afford it, it's worth it. If you can't, you may be able to find something cheaper that does the same thing.
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