I have a number of research cases at present that are converging on the same phenomenon: that some utilitarian infrastructure (factories, towers, dams, dykes) change the landscape in substantial ways that are not intended to be beautiful - sometimes even protested at the outset - but that over time these become emblematic or enablers of sense of place, identity and lifestyle. They become perceived as public goods, requiring maintenance, despite the decline in its original utility. Does anyone know of other published examples of this phenomenon, or know of theories that relate to it?