Protein-DNA interactions are at the heart of many fundamental cellular processes. For example, DNA replication, transcription, repair, and chromosome organization are governed by DNA-binding proteins that recognize specific DNA structures or sequences. In vitro experiments have helped to generate detailed models for the function of many types of DNA-binding proteins, yet, the exact mechanisms of these processes and their organization in the complex environment of the living cell remain far less understood.

in this case, u assume that molecules bind to DNA and cause DNA damage and lead to Bacterial cell death.

u can study various ways like comet assay commonly used for DNA Damage mechanism.