I have the CT scan sample of foot bone. How can i convert into a 3D model for finite elemnt analysis. Basically I want a tutorial to transfer CT scan to solid model with soft tissue like vein, muscles etc incluing bones.
I want to simulate whole foot movement with and without inplant with its soft tissue and and try to evaluate the implants properties. It will be better when role of blood vessel will apply on this problem by solid liquid interation. The Bioactive implant, bio inert implant and bioresorbable implant comparison, which on better.
I can also simulate the chemical interaction with soft tissue, body fluid with the imlant.
For doing all that thing I have to make model accurately.
It is very difficult if not impossible to get all the 3D model information you want (e.g. muscles, veins etc.) from a CT scan!
Computed Tomography is mainly used for bone reconstruction as bone has a unique CT spectrum 200-2000, thus shading white in a scan. Soft tissue on the other hand cannot be accurately segmented within a CT slice as there is a severe overlapping in grey spectrums of fat, skin, muscles etc.
The best approach would be to get the bone geometry from CT and the soft tissue geometry from MRI and combine them in the Finite element software you are using. It is however a rather difficult process (time wise) and you would probably need a pre-processor for meshing-combining the model entities. This would be very helpful if you wand both load and CFD analysis as it would allow you to set-up the model once and export it to two different solvers (CFD has different mesh requirements than a static or dynamic analysis as it also need shell mesh).
I attach a rather geneal paper that might help...
VTK do that with very high efficiency and I think that it's the best, but it's very useful to have sound C++ knowledge to understand his core pipeline.
Hope my answer is helpful,
It is very difficult if not impossible to get all the 3D model information you want (e.g. muscles, veins etc.) from a CT scan!
Computed Tomography is mainly used for bone reconstruction as bone has a unique CT spectrum 200-2000, thus shading white in a scan. Soft tissue on the other hand cannot be accurately segmented within a CT slice as there is a severe overlapping in grey spectrums of fat, skin, muscles etc.
The best approach would be to get the bone geometry from CT and the soft tissue geometry from MRI and combine them in the Finite element software you are using. It is however a rather difficult process (time wise) and you would probably need a pre-processor for meshing-combining the model entities. This would be very helpful if you wand both load and CFD analysis as it would allow you to set-up the model once and export it to two different solvers (CFD has different mesh requirements than a static or dynamic analysis as it also need shell mesh).
I attach a rather geneal paper that might help...
This is how I usually do it, there two ways of exporting, after you have your geometry reconstructed:
1. Export the surface mesh (.STL, .PLY...) to a software where you can create the surfaces and save them as .igs Import the surfaces to Solidworks, this program will recognize the surfaces as solids, and you can assembly all your parts there; save as .igs or .sat, and import that geometry in abaqus.
2. Export the surface mesh in .stl and then in the Plug-ins of Abaqus you can import the .stl. You'll have an orphan mesh (surface), in the mesh module, you can transform the tri elements to tet. You can not change this mesh.
Hope this help
As Alexander mentioned, MRI will provide better soft tissue discrimination than CT. However, MRI has poorer spatial resolution than CT, so you would only be able to accurately segment the largest blood vessels. Two approaches which might help would be CTA or MRA.
In CTA (Computed Tomography Angiography) contrast medium containing iodine is injected into the vasculature. By doing scans at different times after injection you can discriminate between arteries and veins. I think you would get the best results using a dual energy scanner, which also allows you to discriminate between the Calcium and Iodine.
Alternatively, MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography) typically uses gadolinium for contrast. Using digital subtraction gives high contrast images of blood vessels. As in CTA, timing can be used to distinguish between arteries and veins.
Materialise and Mimics are the softwares available for converting MRI, CT scan data to 3D model. It is playing a major role in bone research in medicine
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