To calculate diversity indices for multiple survey data from the same site, you can follow these general steps:Collect Data: Gather the species abundance data from your surveys. Each survey should provide information on the number of individuals of each species found at the site.Calculate Relative Abundance: For each species, calculate its relative abundance by dividing the number of individuals of that species by the total number of individuals in the survey. This gives you the proportion of each species in the survey.Relative Abundance = (Number of individuals of a species) / (Total number of individuals in the survey)Choose a Diversity Index: There are several diversity indices you can use, such as Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson index, or Pielou's evenness index. Each index measures diversity in slightly different ways, so choose the one that fits your research question.Shannon-Wiener Index (H'): ( H' = -\sum_{i=1}^{S} (p_i \cdot \ln(p_i)) ), where ( p_i ) is the proportion of individuals belonging to the (i)th species.Simpson Index (D): ( D = \sum_{i=1}^{S} (p_i \cdot (p_i - 1)) ), where ( p_i ) is the proportion of individuals belonging to the (i)th species.Pielou's Evenness (J'): ( J' = \frac{H'}{\ln(S)} ), where ( S ) is the total number of species.Calculate Diversity Index: Plug in the calculated relative abundances into the chosen diversity index formula to get the diversity value for each survey.Compare Diversity Indices: If you have multiple surveys from the same site, you can compare the diversity indices across surveys to observe changes or patterns in biodiversity over time or under different conditions.

You can simply count species to obtain diversity and compare them using beta diversity :)

Muhammad Umar Thank you so much. Relative abundance was something I was searching for. Andrew Paul McKenzie Pegman your method is somewhat new to me. Can you kindly explain a little more or suggest resources where I can understand about it. Thank you.

See my paper attached :)