How environmental factors influence the production of secondary metabolites is of course very complex, because there are many environmental factors that influence: sunlight, air humidity, temperature, soil (parent material and soil type, soil microorganisms, soil pathogens, plant nutrients, soil air content, soil texture and structure, etc.), plant pests and diseases, altitude, plant cultivation systems (plant spacing, irrigation, fertilization, etc.). All of this has an influence on plant growth and development which will influence the production of secondary metabolites through various mechanisms.