In Pakistan, students are not taught "reading skills"; they are taught how to read English text. At the school level, most teachers do not even know what reading skills are. However, in some institutes, such as NUML, students study "reading skills" as a subject.

In Pakistan, English teachers employ various strategies to teach reading skills in the classroom, focusing on improving students' comprehension, vocabulary, and critical thinking. They often begin with pre-reading activities such as discussing the topic, introducing key vocabulary, and making predictions to engage students. During reading, they use techniques like guided reading, skimming, scanning, and questioning to enhance understanding. Teachers also encourage students to read aloud to improve pronunciation and fluency. Post-reading activities, such as summarizing, answering comprehension questions, and discussing themes, help reinforce learning. Additionally, some teachers integrate technology, group discussions, and storytelling to make reading more interactive and engaging. Despite challenges like large class sizes and limited resources, teachers strive to develop students' reading proficiency through creative and student-centered approaches.

Muhammad Amjad Bashir Thank you for your response. You made an important distinction between teaching reading skills and English reading. I myself did my Bachelor's from NUML, Islamabad and they did include reading skills as a module. However, my main concern is that because majority of the learners do not have prior knowledge of reading skills, they are unable to grasp these concepts easily even at the university level. The gap between their previous and new information is extensive, which is challenging to fill for teachers at the university level.

@Ayman Mosully

I appreciate your detailed input.

What is interesting abiut your response is that it categorically divides reading in three stages. Each stage holds its importance and in unity contribute to the overall development of improving learners' reading skills.

Nonetheless, I would want share that in rural areas of Pakistan, repetition and drilling are used as the go-to technique for reading skills. Students chant after their teacher and I wouldbe interested in your experienceas well. How do you cope with beginners who are new to English language.

Thank you