I have been preparing thin films of FTO using spray pyrolysis and I have faced the common problem of having too little content of F in the films due to the volatility of F. Besides the usual suggestion of including much more F than desired (for example: >100 at.% of F), is there any way to improve the F content in the precursor solution and the film?

My best regards,

Ahmed

More Ahmed R. Hegazy's questions See All
Similar questions and discussions