Shumpeter's (1934) creative destruction would be a good starting point for your discussion. Search for creative destruction. In a nutshell, he proposed that radical innovation leads to rich harvest...
In addition to traditional technological innovation,there is innovation through new business models, new ways of organising work, and innovation in design or marketing. Managing and exploiting to best effect all these different kinds of innovation represents a major challenge to businesses today.www.innovation.lv/ino2/publications/studies_innovation_management
It is important to know if your research looks at innovation from the point of view of the organizations that create or those that adopt innovations by absorbing innovative inputs, products, technologies to match a technological or environmental need.
In the organizational innovation theory, a fine distinction is made between two types of innovation: product and process innovation, therefore, I would look what kind of institutional innovations the company has achieved (type of management top-down or bottom up, etc., strategic planning, voluntary instruments, marketing, position of the market), but also technological innovations (incremental or radical innovation)depending on the sector you analyse. Whenever, the study should look at the way the technological innovation is also an environmental innovation and reduces the environmental externalities (internalising externalities).
If you can read Spanish, here (attached) you have the Uruguayan Innovation Management Model. It consists of two documents --the areas of the Model (questions to be answered by the organization) and the "Levels", a kind of cualitative scale to measure the grade of advance of the organization on the different dimensions of the Model. The levels will be officially reviewed on next months, but it will not be a problem for you if you decide to use the "MUGI" as a reference for your work, I hope it will be useful! (please let me know if it is...).
There is a review of innovation management measurement by Adams, Bessant and Phelps, 2006. Even though it was a few years ago it will get you a good base for your questions. It is highly cited.
I refer you to Soofi, A and S. Ghazinoory The network of the Iranian techno-economic system, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2011, 78: 591-609. Even though this article does not measure management of innovation per se, it does present a method in quantifying innovation. Also, for an appreciation of differences in national systems of innovation, and government innovation management in Iran, please refer to Soofi and Ghazinoory Science and Innovation in Iran, Plagrave-Macmillan, 2013.