To overcome these reproductive problems, multiple strategies can be followed, including the following:

1. Supportive treatment to improve reproductive function

Antioxidant therapy: Because oxidative stress plays a major role in reproductive cell damage, antioxidants such as vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 have been shown to reduce cellular damage and improve sperm quality.

Mitochondrial function-enhancing compounds: Since mitochondrial dysfunction is common in mice with Alport syndrome, substances such as L-carnitine or resveratrol can be used to improve cellular energy.

2. Gene therapy or targeted gene modification

Since Alport syndrome is caused by mutations in type IV collagen genes (COL4A3, COL4A4, COL4A5), experimental gene therapies using techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9 may in the future help restore the function of essential proteins in testicular tissue.

Some experiments in mice have shown the potential for improved tissue function after correction of the causative mutation.

3. Reproductive hormone therapy

Compensation or modification of sex hormones such as testosterone may be necessary in cases of Leydig cell deficiency.

This is done with extreme caution because uncontrolled increases in testosterone can inhibit FSH and LH production and negatively affect long-term fertility.

4. Supporting Sertoli cells and stimulating cellular signals within the testis

Growth factors such as GDNF or FGF2 can be used, which in some studies have been shown to maintain the survival of sperm-producing stem cells and support normal tissue formation.

5. Assisted reproductive technologies

If biological methods fail, techniques such as testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) can be used in in vitro fertilisation programmes, particularly in research or laboratory breeding of mice.

6. Dietary intervention and environmental care

Provide a diet rich in proteins and anti-inflammatories, while avoiding environmental toxins (such as pesticides and heavy metals) that may increase the oxidative burden on reproductive cells.