Iam currently studying genetic engineering and learning about CRISPR-Cas9 technology. While CRISPR is widely known for its precision, one of the major concerns highlighted in research articles is the occurrence of off-target effects, where unintended regions of the genome are edited.

I would like to know from researchers and practitioners:

• What are the most effective strategies or techniques currently being used to reduce or avoid off-target effects?
• Are there specific improvements in guide RNA design, delivery systems, or modified Cas enzymes that have shown promising results?
• From a practical perspective, which approach do you find most reliable in your own lab or research experience?

Any insights or references would be really helpful for my understanding. Thank you in advance!