Dear Researchers,
I want to make tap water with different harness and Cl to SO4 ratio, I would appreciate if you could guide me how to do it.
Is there any recipe? What are the main ingredients?
Regards
Hi Taher,
I think you can just use DI-water and dissolve different amounts of the salts that you want to be present in your 'hard' water in it. So for instance, use MgCl2 and CaSO4 (or CaCl2, CaCO3 and CaSO4 if you only want a Ca2+ metal ion in your solution) in different amounts and you will have a mixture. If you change the relative amount of salt that you are dissolving, you will also change the ratio between the different ions that you are referring to.
Good luck.
Anne
https://publishing.cdlib.org/ucpressebooks/view?docId=kt167nb66r&chunk.id=d3_5_ch06&toc.id=ch06&brand=eschol
Search on How to prepare synthetic seawater on Google and make dilution form this higher conc.
I would use Ca(OH)2, NaCl and H2SO4 to make the solution. It is easier to reach the desired concentrations. Cause Ca(OH)2 and H2SO4 completely mixable with the DI-water and NaCl is highly soluble in contrast to CaSO4 ( hardly soluble) and CaCO3 (solubility depends on pH value). So you can calculate exactly what amount of added substance leads to which concentration. The disadvantage is that the pH value is influenced by the addition of H2SO4 and Ca(OH)2.
hi
https://www.brewersfriend.com/forum/threads/water-chemistry-question-about-chloride-sulfate-ratio.813/
http://beersmith.com/blog/2016/02/11/the-sulfate-to-chloride-ratio-and-beer-bitterness/
I would use a contuctimeter, to measure conductivity and add a "neutral" salt (NaCl?)in order to make all your "tap waters" equal in ion conductivity.
of course also I would make equal pH (iff necessary by adding HCl or NaOH). Equal pH and equal conductivity. Deal first with pH and secondly with conductivity.
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