How can I make film of methylammonium bismuth iodide powder?

Dear Dr KK

Creating a film of methylammonium bismuth iodide (CH3NH3BiI3) from a powder sample involves a process known as film deposition. There are various techniques you can use to deposit thin films of perovskite materials like methylammonium bismuth iodide. One common method is the spin-coating technique. Here's a general outline of the process:

Materials and Equipment:

Methylammonium bismuth iodide powder

Solvent(s) suitable for dissolving the powder (e.g., Dimethylformamide, Dimethyl Sulfoxide)

Spin-coater

Glass or ITO-coated glass substrate

Hotplate/stirrer

Nitrile gloves, safety goggles, and lab coat (for safety)

Procedure:

Prepare Substrate:Clean the glass or ITO-coated glass substrate using a suitable cleaning solution (e.g., acetone, isopropyl alcohol) to ensure there is no residue or contaminants.

Prepare Perovskite Solution:Dissolve the methylammonium bismuth iodide powder in a solvent or a mixture of solvents that can effectively dissolve the compound. Typically, a concentration of around 10-30 mg/mL is used, but you may need to optimize this for your specific setup.

Stirring and Heating:Stir the solution on a hotplate/stirrer at a gentle heat to ensure the compound is fully dissolved. This may take some time and occasional manual stirring might be necessary.

Filtering:Filter the solution using a syringe filter with a pore size of 0.2 µm or smaller. This helps remove any remaining undissolved particles that could lead to defects in your film.

Spin-Coating:Place your cleaned substrate onto the spin-coater chuck. With the spin-coater in a fume hood, dispense a small amount of the filtered solution onto the center of the substrate. Set the spin-coating parameters (rpm, acceleration, time) based on your optimization or literature recommendations. Perovskite films are often spin-coated at a relatively low rpm followed by a ramp-up to a higher rpm. Start the spin-coating process. The solvent will evaporate, and the film will form due to centrifugal forces. This process should be carried out quickly to prevent the solvent from evaporating before you start the spin-coating.

Annealing:After spin-coating, immediately transfer the substrate to a hotplate at a temperature around 100-120°C. Annealing helps in the crystallization and improvement of the film quality. Anneal for a few minutes to an hour, depending on your setup and desired film properties.

Cooling:Allow the substrate to cool down naturally to room temperature before handling it.

Remember that perovskite film deposition can be quite sensitive to parameters such as spin-coating speed, solution concentration, annealing temperature, and time. It's essential to optimize these parameters for your specific materials and equipment to achieve the best film quality and solar cell performance.

Whats the minimum landscape unit for estimating ecosystem service value?

Can anyone help to identify the attached otolith, fish scale ( may same species) sorted from oceanic squid stomach ?

Among the various globally adopted mix design methods for self compacting concrete which is the most widely used in recent times?

How can I assess the quality of DNA extracted from FFPE tissues?

Is there any treatment methods available for plastic coarse aggregates for fire resistance?

Can anyone help with human neutrophil extraction?

Labeling proteins with carboxylate fluospheres using EDC

Why does blocking with my immunogenic peptide cause nuclear fluorescence in ICC?

What is the status of bread making and more bakery foods with the use of insect flour/powder?

Irradiation data for JAPAN?

Why are the velocities so high in my Boussinesq approximation Fluent simulation?

Does Napabucasin soluble in dichloromethane and in ethanol?

Help request in CST microwave?

How to grow E.coli on the low salt LB agar plate with 50 or 100ug/ml of Blasticidin?

Anyone found any research papers on solar furnace design calculations (for solar concentration)?

How to size battery banks?

Dapi fluorescence protocol for colon cell lines ?