My motive is to speed up electrons in a wire using a magnetic field.
What arrangement is preferred for such an experiment?
Charged particles can not be accelerated by the magnetic field.
The accelerate = to change the speed = to change (to increase) the energy.
But change the energy of a charged particle one can only by electric field.
If we talk about the current in a closed wire (ie, in a circular conductor), then this question Faraday a long time ago replied: you need to increased the magnetic flux through the plane bounded by a closed wire: for example move the closed wire inside a solenoid (through which current flows).
Ok thats really helpful. But can you please suggest me a possible arrangement to accelerate electrons in a wire. or any any arrangement so that slow moving charges can be first accelerated and then can be injected to the wire.
I suppose u got my point. actually my purpose is to discharge a battery very fastly keeping the load connected to my battery constant.
> my purpose is to discharge a battery very fastly keeping the load connected to my battery constant.
I don't think you can actually do this. If you keep the battery voltage and the load constant, you are automatically fixing the current (I=V/R) and the discharge time. The only way I can see to accelerate the discharge is to reduce the load (e.g. by connecting a thick copper wire in parallel with your load).
An ELECTRIC field could in principle be used to accelerate the electrons coming out of one terminal and also accelerate electrons going into the second terminal (if the wires connecting to the two terminals are pointing in opposite directions and parallel to the field lines).
HOWEVER
Since the electrons would be moving in a closed circuit from one terminal to the second, the field would decelerate them once the wire starts looping back. You would probably get an accumulation of electrons near this bend which would mask the applied electric filed and you would be back where you started.
guy
Such device is called an inductor. And the magnetic field cannot be constant, but has to go up. In other words, it will work only for short time until the maximum magnetic field is reached.
Actually, what you might need for you battery discharge circuit is a so-called constant current device. You can model it using a power FET. Please look up in a book on standard electrical circuits.
http://www.fisicateorica.me/repositorio/howto/artigoshistoricosordemcronologica/1941%20-KERST%201941%20First%20betatron.pdf
Hi check this one I hope it helps. One can not accelerate charge particles by magnetic field. In high energy accelerators Magnetic field is applied to bend the trajectory to calculate momentum and to keep beam in circular path.
Accelerating electrons either using magnetic field or electric field in metal is almost impossible as the mean free path of electrons in copper is very low. As you start accelerating it in a conductor, the electrons are going to collide with other Atoms.
If you want to accelerate slow moving electrons first and inject to wire, electroncs are to be extracted first into vacuum, accelerate in vacuum using electrostatic acceleration and then inject into wire.
I'm not very clear about what exactly you are looking for. If you can explain at least the voltage of battery, its capacity (Ah) and then how fast you want to discharge (or the current you are looking for); may be I can help with some more suggestions
The maximum speed of electrons in a conductive wire, that you can achieve, is around cryogenic temperature (this means to use superconductors)
Dear sir,
The acceleration of the electron inside the conductor is given by a=nL^2 v^2, where L is the conductor length and n is the electron number density.
F=e(E+v×B)
a=F/m = e(E+v×B)/m
Assuming the electric field is zero E=0 and the charged particle has a constant velocity. Applyning a magnetic field, a magnetic force will be generated on the charged particle. The force will be perpendicular to the direction of motion and we are left with a radial acceleration.
Special cases:
If v=0, there will be no acceleration.
If B is acting on the same direction of the velocity vector, the angle is zero and the acceleration will be zero.
Apart from the above mentioned cases, there will be a net force acting perpendicular to the particle motion and will cause the particle to move in a loop. The speed is constant and the acceleration is coming from the instantaneous change in the direction of motion.
Therefore, for increasing the acceleration of the electron, I will suggest to apply electric field. To control the direction of the electron, I suggest to use magnetic field.
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