What is the role of size and shape of nanoparticles in their antibacterial activity? What is the mechanism of antibacterial action of the nanoparticles? And how does it depend on the target organism?
antibacterial action of nano-particles are affected by size. Smaller sized nano-particle can penetrate anti-bacterial cell to have an effective action.
Arpita Dey
In many cases (e.g. with 'silver' nanoparticles) the dissolution rate of the surface oxide defines the bactericide properties. Obviously the smaller the particles then the quicker the dissolution because of the higher specific surface area. Also different crystal faces dissolve at different rates and this is shape dependent. For more view this webinar (registration required):
Silver colloids and invisible ink
https://www.malvernpanalytical.com/en/learn/events-and-training/webinars/W150902SilverColloidInvisibleInk.html
I would add that it also depends on the material of the nanoparticles. If they are metallic, or if they are semiconductor. You can see, for instance, in these 2 works:
DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.10.042
DOI: 10.1021/jp5111289
Yes both solubility and size matter. But for same size, shape/morphology can also matter particularly in the case of nanoparticles having photocatalytic-based antimicrobial effect. For instance, in the case of TiO2-NPs, the anatase is known to have stronger antimicrobial impact as compared to rutile and brookite.
Some details about effect of shape and morphology on toxicity in "Antimicrobial Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles | IntechOpen/70919" and Antibacterial properties and toxicity from metallic nanomaterials/pmc/articles/PMC5449158/
Thank you Madhukar Baburao Deshmukh Alan F Rawle Gustavo A M Sáfar Louise Deschênes
Actually antimicrobial activity of a nanoparticles depends on some fundamental factors such as shape, size and surface charge wearing by nanoparticle. It is observed that different shapes of NPs have different dynamics at nanobiointerfaces like spherical have different and triangular have different. Similarly variable sizes of nanoparticles have variable effect. Some large sized NPs just interact with microbial surface and induces ROS generation that causes cell damage on the other hand small sized NPs can enter in the cell via porins or direct penetration that damage cell membrane.
The shape and size of the Nanoparticles have a direct impact on their antibacterial activity. For example, the antibacterial action of Nanoparticles will be more efficient as they become smaller. Furthermore, the higher the oxidation state, the greater the antibacterial action. Apart from nanoparticle form and size, the nature of the stabilizing agent, as well as the hydrophobicity and charges of the particles, can all influence antibacterial effectiveness. But it also depends on whether the target is on the bacterial surface or in the cytoplasm, The form has little impact.
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Thank you, Mahnaz Hassanpour.
Does the defect state of the metal/metal oxide nanoparticles also influence their antibacterial activity?
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