I've been looking into 1-3 piezoelectric composites lately. I am particularly interested in the process of making them with high aspect ratio. However, I have come across conflicting opinions in various studies. One opinion says that the width-to-thickness aspect ratio of piezoelectric rods should be less than 0.5 because the half-wave transverse modes of the device should be larger than the fundamental thickness vibration so that the harmonics do not couple to the thickness modes, The other side says that composites with a high aspect ratio of ceramic rods generally minimize side resonances and thus achieve high KT values. Can anyone explain to me the clear advantages and disadvantages of high aspect ratio?

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