Yes, we used nanoparticles to kill the bacterial and we do research on materials for antimicrobial which could be used for water disinfection applications.
I do not worked with inorganic anti-bacterial agents, but here in Brazil the dominant technology to re-treatment of potable water is based in an domestic filtering-system based on the silver-disinfecting. Seems that there is two way. The first way supports the disinfecting process from recovering of recipient wall with Ag. The second strategy is focused properly in the filtering-agent with enhanced design and efficiency.
You can start your research via access to a general site as below:
Has anyone tried Nano fibers of ginger or turmeric for this purpose yet in the modern world like our ancestors did? :-)
Activated charcoal is certainly a well known material for this purpose (filtering Nano microbes). Not sure if they've yet taken advantage of such activated charcoal in the Nano powder form.
Nano silver and Nano copper impregnated in ceramic candles have been used by me for over 22 years by my clients. Candles sold by Milton and Bajaj under the name silver supreme have been manufacturd by my client since 1993
What technique you want to use for your study. There area different field where nanomaterials are used like adsorption, oxidation process, disinfection, photocatalysis and nano filtration. It is better you choose a particular area and try to discuss in detail.