During an earthquake, the ground, and therefore the base of the structure that is attached to it, rocks quickly, around the initial resting position. Dynamically the magnitude we are interested in in this movement of the base is acceleration. The mass of the structure, due to its inertia, does not follow the movement of the base but moves in a different way, making its own oscillation. Due to this different mass and base motion, deformation is caused which creates tensions in building construction. Solution The ideal would be if we could design so that the mass of the structure, its base and the ground it supports, follow the same movement, in order to stop the deformation that creates the tensions. To achieve this we must design so as to remove the inertia intensities of the mass from the structure and deflect them out of the building by transporting them into the ground. My research is mainly trying to achieve this. As a suitable design I choose to join the sides of all the walls with the ground using tendons on which I apply two separate prestresses The first prestressing is applied between the foundation ground surface and a ground anchoring mechanism placed at the depths of a borehole and the second prestressing between the top level of the wall and the base foot. I do this on the one hand to drive the stresses received by the tendon from the top level of the wall (when it prevents it from turning) into the ground, preventing them from leading to the cross-sections around the nodes and on the other hand to stop the shear failure of I do this by applying compressive stresses to their cross sections, as opposed to these tensile stresses. In addition to strong tendons and strong ground anchoring mechanisms, a prerequisite for better results is the use of elongated walls with multidimensional plan section and high stiffness in which we impose compression on their cross sections and join them to the foundation ground. Walls significantly increase strength and stiffness, reducing deformation The stiffness of the construction comes from the stiffness of the walls, which depends on the ability of their trunk to react to the bend which makes it difficult to turn at their ends. Factors that affect the stiffness of the wall are The size and shape of its cross section, the measure of elasticity of the material its height, and the size of the moment of inertia of the cross section The wall must also be rigid in order to withstand the secondary flexion created in its trunk by the tendon's reaction to its rotation. The best design is to use rigid walls and elastic beams.
Problem formulation
(1) The process in which a problem situation is described or modeled, (2) problem structure. Learn more in: DSS and Multiple Perspectives of Complex Problems. It is the process of determining the constituent parts of a problem: its important factors and variables, and the interrelationships between them.
Dear Isam Alkhalifawi
All the problems of constructions become complex because today they can not control the inevitable inelastic deformation. When you lose control of the displacement, planning becomes difficult. The design becomes simple when you place an equivalent external force coming from the ground, to be opposed to the external forces of the earthquake. This design certainly helps the cross section to respond to seismic intensities. When you stop the deformation in the construction you also stop the damage
Dear Aparna Sathya Murthy
The answer is yes and no. Yes, we need the right materials, but without joining the construction to the ground, the deformation cannot stop. Today civil engineers are trying to stop the tensions of inertia by adding mass of concrete and steel, that is, adding mass that increases inertia. This has reached its limits. We need a great force that has no mass. This force can only come from an external factor, that of the soil. Say that the right material is elastic material. Ok! but it does not have the dynamics we need and the distortion will be great. Say that the right material is the rigid material. Ok! does not bend but is easily overturned and creates tension at the nodes. The rigid wall that is prestressed with the ground, does not overturn, does not bend, does not present shear failure problems, does not deform, does not transfer torques to the joints, has the appropriate dynamic in compression.
External force without mass is the solution to the problem with the appropriate materials that have great potential in compression and tension.
Dear Ioannis Lymperis
I'm having a hard time picturing your method, so it would be a great help to provide us with a simple sketch. However, if I'm not mistaken, you are trying to separate the effect of a system's mass (inertia). The traditional way of tackling the problem is either decreasing the mass or increasing the system's stiffness (columns and walls). These methods will limit the mass oscillation (frequency ratio aside).
To inform us of a better understanding of the method you mentioned, please attach a simple sketch.
Dear Mehran Shahpari
The Patent Idea
We have placed on a table two columns, one column screwed on the table, and the other simply put on the table. If one shifts on the table, the unbolted column will be overthrown. The bolted column withstands the lateral loading. We do exactly the same in every column of a building to withstand more lateral earthquake loading. That is done, by simply screwing it to the ground. This pretension between the roof of the structure and the soil has been globally disclosed for the first time.
It is a method that uses a mechanism to pontoon nodes of higher level of constructions with earth and which dynamically deflect the lateral load of the earthquake through the vertical support elements and directs them into the ground controlling in this way the oscillation of the construction
1) This video is an experiment with my method with a natural acceleration of 2.41g
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RoM5pEy7n9Q&t=82s
2) This is an experiment where the construction is simply based on the ground (as the constructions are designed today)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-X4tF9C7SE
3) This is the ground anchoring mechanism.
https://scontent.fath4-2.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/160189174_4295287030484220_8122099328585737691_o.jpg?_nc_cat=101&_nc_map=control&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=b9115d&_nc_ohc=YONpkARiQFcAX9TGfO9&_nc_ht=scontent.fath4-2.fna&oh=90d677829cbebd0c250d674252b80b6c&oe=6080695A
https://scontent.fath4-2.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/146755340_4195081117171479_1214500463555602096_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&_nc_map=control&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=b9115d&_nc_ohc=bZy3XbWgETUAX_Gkrtb&_nc_ht=scontent.fath4-2.fna&oh=30d16901c0da26dd3eb2d9a293c84358&oe=607E3FC3
https://scontent.fath4-2.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/146485241_4195080013838256_4688794496798393970_n.jpg?_nc_cat=111&_nc_map=control&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=b9115d&_nc_ohc=qOEWfCsQzP4AX9lNYTQ&_nc_ht=scontent.fath4-2.fna&oh=9ffaf34f3e9651194d228441ce20cf6f&oe=607F828E
https://www.facebook.com/photo?fbid=4195080630504861&set=g.122735321848311
4) This is the sketch you requested
https://scontent.fath4-2.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t1.0-9/159920366_4295286063817650_3102942916134377447_n.jpg?_nc_cat=107&_nc_map=control&ccb=1-3&_nc_sid=b9115d&_nc_ohc=OwCvoFVgP4sAX-hQT-h&_nc_ht=scontent.fath4-2.fna&oh=eb8b044d21eeaf83c3249990e3f8f782&oe=607F7709
5) This is an English speaking video that explains
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IO6MxxH0lMU
6) This video shows the construction and pre-tensioning tendons as well as the micro-scale reinforcement steel
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9_-OjhQdhsQ
7) Here is all the research.
Presentation DYNAMICS OF CONSTRUCTIONS RESEARCH
Article The Ultimate Anti-Seismic System
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