The diversity of aquatic species usually decrease if the pollution increase. Some species can sustain poorly oxygenated water due to various polution sources, for instance leeches, larvae from diptera. If it gets even worse, you will still have life from bacteria that will adapt to many conditions.
With pollution there will be a shift in population. Many of you will be knowing the term "Indicator species". The presence of some species indicates clean waters and some species occur in polluted water.
At times the shift in population even if it does not impact human health directly may have other serious consequences. The decline in sardine fishery in the Arabian sea was at times linked to Nitzschia species (if I remember right)