Yes, this is due to the unjust treatment of women by many societies. Men in such societies are considered to be superior to women and that is why they prefer their newborn children to be boys and not girls.

I am very intrigued by your questions. The answer is empirical. And doable. If we have indicators of gender bias at birth at country level and then use them to predict (1) gendered violence, (2) general violence in society and (3) life chances of boys and girls. It should not be too difficult to do it.

yes, it is a kind of social injustice an unequal opportunity for psychological development of women. it is a kind of traditional view needing drastic changes. women and girls and also knowledgeable men should do their best to change the status quo and empower women to enjoy better life. this predominance affects all aspects of social life, job opportunity, social values and judgements.

One of my questions references yours, Hein, with apparent evidence:

Are patrilineal societies the main root of war?

Question 12 answers

According to recent archaeological and genetic evidence the male population crashed 7000 to 5000 years ago as the result, it is claimed, of patrilineal societies focused in clans and tribes. Women out-numbered men by as much as 19-1. Every so often a world event occurs that entails the mass destruction of a generation or more of men, such as the Ist World War and, to a lesser extent, the Napoleonic Wars. Similar destruction has occurred in the east. Such destruction has more often been localised, such as invasions of a region or state whereby the male population is killed and women kept as wives or concubines.

Although of course women can be violent, the increase in wars between groups, communities, and eventually states can possibly be understood through the appearance and assumptions of patriarchal societies which in the west we are gradually moving away from. Of course, rarely is any phenomenon reducible to such a degree but my own view is that the two are inseparable.

Vania Ceccato

Dear Vania, thank you very much for your stimulating answer. If we had such conditions for comparative research then we could go much further, even if we have in no way changed the situation that has already been established.

We have statistics of crimes committed in almost all countries, I think, even if they are not publicly available everywhere, crime statistics usually indicate the age and sex of the perpetrators (and the victims). Eurostat gives such a general information. For sexual violence, I read in a 2017 compilation: suspects (96.5%) and offenders (98.3% of convicted persons) are male.

http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Crime_statistics/de&oldid=394873,

Best, Hein

Farangis Shahidzade

Dear Farangis, I can understand you very well. Both gender should fight against gender disadvantages, and the dominance of men in higher political positions is normal for most countries, also in Europe.

Best, Hein

To Stanley Wilkin

To Syed Ismyl Mahmood Rizvi,

Dear Colleagues, there is indeed an overlap in the questions.

Best, Hein

Yes, this is due to the unjust treatment of women by many societies. Men in such societies are considered to be superior to women and that is why they prefer their newborn children to be boys and not girls.

Dear Hein

Violence is the outcome. We would need to have information about individuals at birth. The basic population stats do not say much about "undesirability of a daughter at the birth of a child".

I use comments. Thanks

With the best wishes

Mr Rezaei Ahvanooei.

Hein

I was thinking:

stats about adoption of kids by gender could be an Interesting indicator. Not sure where to find - might have big holes in it.

but also school enrollment. Families may send boys to school but not girls, there are countries in which this is more common Than we think. See Malala.

then the usual violence against children should be highly associated to violence against adults overall

UN women might have these types of indicators, at least they should.

I will investigate this.

I wish I had a student to chase this!

Vania Ceccato

Dear Vania

The question of sex in the adoption of children: I looked it up on the Internet because it is an interesting question, and it has no simple answer, although the total number of a year for adopted children in Germany (see attached link) is somewhat higher - but sometimes the girls are also better represented in some age groups. I believe that the EU countries have such statistics to help you.

The link I followed is: https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/162655/umfrage/durchschnittliches-alter-von-kindern-bei-adoptionen-in-2009/

Of course you can also ask this question - after good statistics - in ResearchGate.

Best, Hein

Mohamadreza Rezaei Ahvanooei

Hazim Al Dilaimy and followers

Dear Colleagues, dear followers,

thank you very much for your answers, On the question of boys' social desirability towards girls, there are answers which on the one hand emphasize more biological-anthropological aspects and on the other hand point to cultural traditions, and both factors are certainly not independent in their effect. Personally, I like it when both genders are represented in a family among one's own children and grandchildren. Overall, I am particularly impressed by the female ability to maintain social communication among siblings and children for life. Such a need seems to me - on the whole - to be more pronounced among the girls due to their biological destiny. Although there are, of course, boys who are more social in their behaviour than some girls. There is certainly also strong competition between two sisters who grow up together at home, in certain stages of development - as we know this from boys by heart. The relevant feelings are probably not carried out so strongly in girls and represented as physical aggression (or physical superiority), but form inner problem zones. Throughout life, however, in my personal experience, such feelings are processed better in girls than in boys, so that very friendly relationships exist when the sisters are grown up. Boys are much more individual in this respect. The basic relationship is to be seen in the dimension of superiority - subordination.

Such experiences cannot be made at all if girls are undesirable in a culture from the outset. In my experience of life, this is completely unjustified and to the detriment of society.

Yes, to a great extent extreme predominance of men mean increasing violence in social life of society. This is due to the fact that in many societies females are looked down on. In such societies when a girl is born in a family, it is considered a bad lack for the family.

Abdullah Noori

Dear Abdulla, thank you for your comment. I can confirm your answer and unfortunately the problem is difficult to solve, because tradition plays a role. But exchange and discussion of this problem in the publis could be a path to change things in long-term vew.

Best, Hein