There are countries attempting to provide education that helps build transferable human capital in order to increase people's overseas employment opportunities.
However, some countries put emphasis on providing "country specific" education so that people educated do not outflow to the foreign countries easily.
I am considering whether so-called global education of today will always end up with brain drain or it is possible that brain gain occurs even under such education.
I think one key point is the labour opportunities and the welfare that educated people can find in their home countries. We have to keep in mind on the one hand that there are fewer qualified works in developing countries; but, on the other hand,if you are a skilled worker, to highlight in developed countries is more complicated than in developing ones. You can have more projection in a less competitive labor market, and job opportunities are growing in the developing world.
I think labor generally moves to where there is a relatively large supply of jobs in their field and for their skill set. Likewise, workers will generally seek higher incomes when possible. In today's global economy, I think any college education should include some lessons on international topics related to the academic major. There are also many other factors that cause brain drain such as the culture's level of family versus individualism. Another factor could be how easy (or difficult) it is to obtain an educational visa to attend college abroad.
Thank you for the information. If there are any interesting economics papers on the transferability of human capital and brain drain/brain gain, please let me know.
Based on previous research in developing countries, enhancing human capital leads more to brain drain than to brain gain. For instance when a country embarks on preparing graduates who can easily fit into the labor market both locally and internationally but the local labor market is not ready, the graduates end up where the market is more developed.The problem is the supply side of human capital is always addressed without addressing the demand side.
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Dear Dr. Akira Shimada you have raised the world wide growing concern that has a very serious impact on economy, health, education, etc in the developing countries.Brain drain is defined as the migration of health personnel in search of the better standard of living and quality of life, higher salaries, access to advanced technology and more stable political conditions in different places worldwide ( Dodani and LaPorte, 2005).Yes you are right dear Dr. Akira Shimada . The majority of migration is from developing to developed countries.The main drivers of brain drain are:
- Better standards of living and quality of life,
- Higher salaries,
- Access to advanced technology and
- More stable political conditions in the developed countries attract talent from less developed areas.
Thank you for looking at and replying to my inquiry. Brain drain, especially medical brain drain (outflow of medical doctors and nurses) is a serious problem. As the paper suggests, we might have to build a mechanism that benefits both medical workers sending and receiving countries. Akira
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