I did analysis by titration; it was determined but it is primary analysis, so we need to a develop method on UV or colour development. Please tell me how to determine calcium. In my lab we don't have AAS.
Attached is a paper discusses the analysis of Ca ions by spectrophotometry.
In addition there is the abstract of another paper:
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
On-line version ISSN 1678-4790
J. Braz. Chem. Soc. vol.13 no.1 São Paulo Jan./Feb. 2002
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0103-50532002000100012
Article
Spectrophotometric Determination of Trace Amounts of Calcium Using the Calcium Complex with Alizarin
Abstract:
The reaction between calcium and alizarin (ALZ) was investigated for the spectrophotometric determination of trace amounts of calcium. The cationic surfactant, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was useful to increase the sensitivity. The beta-correction method was applied for the determination of the properties of the Ca-ALZ complex instead of ordinary spectrophotometry. Results showed that the complex formed, expressed as Ca(ALZ)2, has a real molar absorptivity equal to 3.74´103 L mol-1 cm-1 at 630 nm.
If you have access to an instrument for measuring fluorescence, there are several fluorescent dyes that can be used to measure calcium concentration in solution.
There are many commercial kits to measure calcium colorimetrically. Sigma Aldrich has one, but you can find others with a Google search. Most use o-cresolphthalein as the indicator and require a plate reader or spectrophotometer at 575 nm wavelength. It is an easy assay to conduct--just one step and time insensitive. Here's a link to the Sigma kit.
I agree with Adam. For UV spectrometry the Fura dyes are very good, particularly so if your samples are fairly pure. I have had some issues with interference from some biological materials (hemoglobin for example).
You will need to excite at 340 and 380 nm, and collect the emission at 510 nm.
Upper level saturation is around 30-50 uM. So if you expect your values will be higher than that, you will have to dilute.
Here is method of volumetric determination of Ca in solution
United States Patent 3,121,613 CALCl UM DETERVHNATION METHOD Donald L. Bittner, 2206 Hayes St, San Francisco, Calif. No Drawing. Filed Apr. 26, 1961, Ser. No. 1tl5,55l 7 Claims. (Cl. 23-23ll) This invention relates to quantitative volumetric analysis for determining calcium in a solution. More particularly, it relates to the direct titration of calcium in the presence of magnesium employing chelometric and colorimetric indicator techniques.
I agree with Adam and Michael that dyes can be a good option. o-cresolphthalein kit from Sigma should work with simple spectrophotometer. Just watch out for interference from Mg2+ and possibly other divalent ions. Phenol Red dye from the media may interfere as well.
Not much difficulty in the determination of ca by visible spectrophotometry. Provided the requirement of analytcial range and nature of sample matix matters. Ca determination is best possible in alakline medium
Determining calcium concentrations using a UV spectrophotometer typically involves the use of a colorimetric assay where calcium ions react with a chromogenic complexing agent. Here is a step-by-step guide:
Reagent Preparation: Prepare a solution of a colorimetric reagent that reacts with calcium to form a colored complex. O-cresolphthalein complexone or similar compounds are often used for this purpose.
Sample Preparation: If the calcium is in a complex matrix, you may need to perform a digestion or extraction process to free the calcium ions.
Calibration Curve: Create a calibration curve by preparing standard solutions of calcium at known concentrations and measuring their absorbance with the UV spectrophotometer.
Reaction: Mix your sample with the colorimetric reagent in a cuvette, ensuring consistent volumes and conditions as with the calibration standards.
Incubation: Allow sufficient time for the reaction to occur, which may vary depending on the reagent used.
Measurement: Measure the absorbance of the sample-reagent mixture at the wavelength where the complex has a maximal absorbance peak.
Calculation: Compare the absorbance of your sample to the calibration curve to determine the calcium concentration.
Quality Control: Include a blank (reagent without calcium) and possibly a control (sample with a known amount of calcium) to ensure the accuracy of your measurements.
Safety note: Always follow appropriate lab safety protocols when handling chemicals and samples.
With this protocol list, we might find more ways to solve this problem.
Determination of calcium in alumina hydrate, calcined alumina and process liquor
PATENT No.378743
Abstract
The present invention provides a process for the determination of concentration of calcium in a sample; said method comprises the steps of: a) obtaining a sample selected from the group consisting of alumina hydrate, calcined alumina and process liquor; b) subjecting said sample to a treatment selected from the group consisting of alkali digestion, fusion with flux and dilution to obtain a treated sample; c) adjusting the pH of the treated sample followed by adding an amine based masking reagent and an aromatic metal ion indicator to form a Ca (II) complex solution; and d) measuring the absorbance of said solution at a wavelength ?max 600-620 nm using a spectrophotometer in order to determine the concentration of calcium.