Dear Fikret,

Merhaba. I think it depends where you are looking at the circuitry. Probably different and multiple neurotransmitters/modulators of both excitatory and inhibitory with varying receptors are involved along the circuitry. You should also consider purinergic signalling (P2x, P2y, adenosine) along the lines as well. Hoscakal.

best wishes,

Refik

 Check out the article "Brain Circuits in Panic Disorders" by Coplan and Lyrdiard.   Here is a quote from their paper on neurotransmitters:. "Perturbation of mutual modulation (“cross talk”) between key brain transmitter systems (serotonin, norepinephrine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, corticotropin-releasing factor, and others) may underlie the pathogenesis of panic–anxiety."

Thanks!

It has caught my attention the end of the sentence quoted by Dr William Bauman:

"(..) serotonin, norepinephrine....AND OTHERS"!!

I really believe that all considered molecules and many others, together, play diverse role that might define the brain neurochemistry - There is no a main player in this scenario, in my opinion.

Kind regards,

Wilson

I am not a doctor.