Is for the data survey of my research of master which involves firstly the synthesis of nanoparticles of ZnO in colloidal systems in an aqueous medium.
All syntheses of ZnO involving aqueous media will need a final calcination stage to generate ZnO from Zn(OH)2 or similar. This means that a fused system of aggregates and agglomerates will be produced. Essential to measure the SSA of the material after synthesis in order to confirm > 200 m2/g and thus nano sized primary particles. Note that ZnO slowly reacts with water to produce the hydroxide.
Dear Ítalo Macêdo Gonçalves thank you for your interesting technical question. I strongly suggest that you use the "Search" function of ResearchGate to find and access relevant publications describing the preparation of ZnO nanoparticles. Just search for the term "ZnO nanoparticles" and then click on "Publications". This will provide you with plenty of useful references, many of which are freely available as public full texts.
Investigate the Pourbaix diagram for the Zn and H2O system. You'll see that under no conditions is ZnO possible. You have the possibilities of Zn (metal), Zn2+ (zinc ions in solution), Zn(OH)2, HZnO2-, and ZnO22-, but not ZnO.
There is even a YouTube video on this:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZIQ8X7kAFBc
Also shows you that Zn is not stable in water and slowly reacts.
One of the effective methods is homogeneous precipitation with urea hydrolysis products. I produced different nano powders in such way including ZnO. But you should know that ZnO is amfoteric oxide so you need to have strongly determind conditions to high rang of transformation Zn(2+) to Zn(OH)2 to ZnO.