In Canada, one invasive mussel-Dreissena polymorpha, was replaced by another Dreissena species-the quagga mussel. See in Exotic species replacement: shifting dominance of dreissenid mussels in the Soulanges Canal, upper St. Lawrence River, Canada by Ricciardi and Whoriskey. Another example, but not well documented is the replacement (or decrease in numbers) of tubenose goby by more aggressive round or bighead goby .

There is evidence of displacement of European green crabs by an asian grapsid crab on the Atlantic coast of the US. http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/0012-9658%282002%29083%5B0719:IAAARO%5D2.0.CO%3B2

There have been 'waves' of invasive annual plants that have invaded California, each reducing the numbers of the previous invaders.

If you are looking for 'short-term replacement invasion' sequences there may be various examples from the release of various biocontrol agents of invasive species. For example, in one of my studies a less successful bruchid beetle (Mimosestes ulkei) was probably largely replaced by a much more successful one (Penthobruchus germaini) which was later introduced. (see http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11258-004-2780-4).

There are quite a number of good examples out there I believe. In Hawaiʻi a current one is that the highly invasive strawberry guava (Psidium cattleium), which forms dense stands so thick it crowds out virtually all native species, is being replaced by the octopus tree (Schefflera acinophylla) which has a unique rooting technique and can actually grow on top of the root mat formed by the guava and choke it out.  But there are a number of past examples in Hawaii as well.

Roland, I think your example involving the biological controls is quite fascinating!

In accessible  New Zealand lakes one invasive plant species is often replaced by another more invasive plant species.  The Lake Submerged Plant Index (LakeSPI)  recognizes the different level of invasiveness and impacts of different alien aquatic plant species.

It is true that certain invasive species are replacing certain native or local species.  At the same time, in case of plant species, certain invasive species are the best food providers to local insects/animals, etc. when compared to local species.  In this context, it is difficult to say that all invasive species are a big menace or threat to local biodiversity.

Thanks everyone for the interesting examples. Can you, Truman, Noa and Victory, recommend any articles? Plants are not my field of expertise, I usually work with fish parasites.

Some Rift Valley lakes (such as Naivasha) are brimming with invasive species, the vast majority by anthropogenic avenues. This example is not specifically about replacement, but without invasive Louisiana red swamp crayfish there would be more water hyacinth, a real problem species in African lakes and rivers. Professor David Harper has published a great deal on this subject. e.g. Harper et al. (2002)Distribution and abundance of the Louisiana red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii Girard at Lake Naivasha, Kenya between 1987 and 1999. Developments in Hydrobiology, 168, 143-151       

Bioinvasion of Kappaphycus alvarezii on corals in the Gulf of Mannar, India. Chandrasekaran, S.; Nagendran, N. A.; Pandiaraja, D.; Krishnankutty, N.;Kamalakannan, B. Current Science 2008 Vol. 94 No. 9 pp. 1167-1172

Turbinaria sp. as victims to Kappaphycusalvarezii in reefs of Gulf of Mannar, India B Kamalakannan, JJJ Jeevamani, NA Nagendran… - Coral reefs, 2010

these two papers may be useful to clarify your questions

Here in South Florida, brown anoles (Anolis sagrei) were introduced into several areas of the state beginning in the 1890s and have become a ubiquitous ground lizard that displaced the native green anoles (Anolis carolinensis). Brown anoles became the single most common reptile seen in woodlands, ruderal, and urban areas. Over the past several decades the northern curlytail lizard (Lieocephalus carinatus armouri) has expanded along the entire east coast from Cape Canaveral down to the Florida Keys. On my university campus in Jupiter, Florida, I had a student do an honors thesis looking at the interactions of these two lizards 5 years ago. Now I walk the same places she studied those two lizards and the brown anoles are almost entirely gone.

On the building there has been a series of replacements of hemidactyline geckos. First the Mediterranean gecko (H. turcicus) was replaced by the Indo-Pacific gecko (H. garnotti), then the African gecko (H mabouia) replaced the Indo-Pacific gecko. The only thing that interrupts this last replacement is the invasive Cuban tree frog (Osteopilus septentrionalis), which eats whichever gecko is more abundant. So, if the tree frog is present, you get a balance of all three species (H. garnotti, H. mabouia, and O. septentrionalis). The Mediterranean geckos have all but disappeared.

Very cool example Jon.  Similarly in Hawaii the Madagascar Day Gecko is very rapidly replacing the Polynesian Gecko, with the former actually physically mauling and occasionally killing the latter over territory.

In the western Himalaya, Lantana camara was an invasive plant during the second half of the 20th century. Now, it is suffering due to regular forest fires and is being replaced by Eupatorium adenophorum, which has spread throughout the ranges during the last few years....

I don't know how much reliable information and published literature is now available, but zebra and quagga mussels seem to sometimes affect the population size of one another and might eventually exclude one another in invaded ranges.

yes I observed the example during my Ph.D thsesis.

Most of the water channels was covered by Pistis but during the later years of my study it was replaced by Eicchornia

This may take some time to find out. I know of one example of two concurring invasive coral species that compete with local species in Brazil.

Creed, J. 2006. Two invasive alien azooxanthellate corals, Tubastraea coccinea and Tubastraea tagusensis, dominate the native zooxanthellate Mussismilia hispida in Brazil. Coral Reefs, 25: 350.

All throughout Europe the American mink (Neovison vison) is replacing the autoctonous European mink (Mustela lutreola). American mink come from breeding fars installed in Europe and is now very abundant. The European mink is almost extint.

In Mexico, used to be a National Campaign for erradication of Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (cattle tick), after intensive use of acaricides the polulation decreased but, another species incresed its population (Amblyomma cajenense). Before treatment both used to be endemic, but A. cajenense has a longer life cycle; because the effect of acarices the first one decreased allowing the increase of the second one. I think there is a lot of examples of species replacing or sustitution. In this example because of the human participation. Today both species are present because of the failure of the campaign and the development of tick resistance.

When the common wasp (Vespula vulgaris) established in NZ it largely displaced the larger German wasp (V. germanica).  They still co-occur but the latter is now quite uncommon. 

On Mauritius there are several examples of  exotic birds that were flourishing, that declined and were replaced by a subsequent introduction.  The Java Sparrow was replaced by the House Sparrow, the Fire Finch was replaced by the Common Waxbill, and the Cape Canary replaced by the Village Weaver.  Also less convincingly the Madgascar Lovebird was replaced by the Ring-necked Parakeet.  These cases are published in a paper I wrote a long while ago, and summarised in Lost Land of the Dodo, by Cheke and Hume.

In pampean oldfields (Argentina) anual exotic dicots are replaced by an exotic grass (Lolium multiflorum) and then by exotic perennial grasses. You can see details in:

Tognetti, P.M., Chaneton, E.J., Omacini, M., Trebino, H.J. y R.J.C. León. 2010. León. Exotic vs. Native species dominate along “modern” successional trajectories on abandoned farmland. Biological Conservation, 143:2494-2503

Norway Rat comes to my mind, having historically replaced Black Rat across many European areas.

I believe there are snail species examples for this. Try looking into - Melanoides tuberculata and Tarebia granifera

Not all the alien species are harmful to the habitat or the native species .Regular monitoring is very important to evaluate the impact of the exotic species. It is a continuous process.

There have been multiple 'waves' of invasion in California grasslands. The following quote is from DiTomaso, J. M., S. F. Enloe, and M. J. Pitcairn. 2007. Exotic plant management in California annual grasslands. Pp. 281–296. in Stromberg, M. R., J. Corbin, and C. D'Antonio. (eds.). California grasslands: ecology and management. University of California Press. Berkeley, CA.

"California grasslands have experienced tremendous changes

in vegetative composition over the last few centuries, with

significant declines in native perennial vegetation and con-

comitant increases in aggressive, non-native, weedy species.

The changing grassland composition is the result of numer-

ous processes that are reviewed elsewhere in this volume,

including many plant introductions, primarily from Europe

and Asia (Heady 1977). Burcham (1956) characterized four

waves of invasion that were dominated by European annual

grasses and shallow-rooted winter annual forbs. In the last

half century, a fifth wave of annual invaders, characterized by

a later season phenology and deeper rooting pattern, has

moved across the grasslands with unrelenting progress. How-

ever, individual species from all of these waves of invasion still

dominate large grassland areas, with wide population fluxes

from year to year, depending upon environmental conditions

and local- and landscape-scale processes (Pitt and Heady 1978)."

In Lake Naivasha, a closed-catchment freshwater lake in Kenya's Rift Valley, common carp Cyprinus cardio has become the dominant fish species in a lake dominated by invasives. It was introduced in 2000, flooded in from a local aquaculture site, and has reduced the abundance of other alien species. See also red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii another Naivasha alien that has outcompeted local and alien species of crayfish and affected fish recruitment beneath another invasive - water hyacinth. Its all invasives! See e.g. Aloo et al. 2014, Harper et al., Oyugi et al., various years. Sorry a bit rushed and inexact - gotta rush...

I have accept Prof. El Sayed H.Kh. Akel view. all the alien/ exotic species harmful to the introduced environment. However, invasive species definition itself mean that alien/exotic species harmful to the introducing environment.

I have also observed that Ipomoea carnea, invasive species replaces lot of native flora in the fresh water ecosystem in Tamil Nadu, Indi