Do pesticide-degrading bacteria tolerate any concentration of pesticide? Please share the limit of pesticide conc. used in lab studies. A review paper can be useful!
Thanks in advance.
Like all compounds there will be an upper limit before they start to inhibit the bacteria. It is best to do a ranging assay where you try different orders of magnitude for your concentrations followed by a serial range until you find a concentration that works best.
Pesticide-degrading bacteria have varying degrees of tolerance to different types and concentrations of pesticides. Some bacterial strains can tolerate and degrade high concentrations of pesticides, while others may have a lower tolerance and are only effective at degrading lower concentrations.
The specific limit of pesticide concentration that a pesticide-degrading bacteria can tolerate depends on several factors, including the type of pesticide, the bacterial strain, and the environmental conditions. For example, some bacterial strains have been shown to effectively degrade pesticides at concentrations of up to 100 ppm (parts per million), while others may only be effective at lower concentrations of 10 ppm or less.
The pesticide is applied, it begins to break down or degrade into simpler compounds which are usually less toxic. Each pesticide has its own speed of degradation, which depends on the active ingredient, the formulation, and environmental conditions.Three types of pesticide degradation are microbial, chemical, and photodegradation. Microbial degradation is the breakdown of pesticides by fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms that use pesticides as a food source. Most microbial degradation of pesticides occurs in the soil.The cultures were gradually acclimated to increase the three applied pesticides ranging from 20–50 mg/mL at weekly intervals. At about a final concentration of 50 mg/mL of different pesticides, the pesticide tolerant cultures were subjected to further degradation study. Media without inoculation was run as a control. Parameters influence the rate of biodegradation processes: environmental factors such as moisture and temperature, physicochemical properties of the soil, presence of other nitrogen sources or carbon, etc. can completely modify the microbial population and therefore the microbial activity. Biodegradation is generally recognized as the biggest contributor to degradation. Whereas plants, animals and fungi typically transform pesticides for detoxification through metabolism by broad-spectrum enzymes, bacteria more commonly metabolize them. Once a pesticide has been released into the environment, it can be broken down by: exposure to sunlight exposure to water exposure to other chemicals. Pesticide residues were found more frequently in topsoil. Overall, the concentration of pesticides ranged from 1.0 μg kg−1 to 251 μg kg−1, with a mean of 16 μg kg−1. Pesticides are chemical compounds which are used to kill the pests that destroy the crops. These chemical compounds are highly potent and toxic. These compounds should be used in a definite proportion because excessive concentration of pesticides can lead to the development of pesticide resistance. Pesticides are used in very accurate and in very appropriate manner because of the reasons; excess use of pesticides will reduce the fertility of the soil and causes air, water and soil pollution and kills useful microorganisms present in the soil.
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