Yes, the inhaled nanoparticles in the body may affect the immunological system and cause inflammation of the lungs, interstitial fibrosis and heart problems. Please take a look at the following useful references.
Article Nanomaterial exposure, toxicity, and impact on human health
Article NPs – known and unknown health risks
Article Impact of nanoparticles on human and environment: review of ...
Article Oral exposure to polystyrene nanoparticles affects iron absorption
Dr Singh and Dr Uebel thank you very much for your answer and for the link of publications. The content of these publications sound ominous. This is particularly true for the plants treated with nanoparticles that we consume. Do we know the half life of these particles? Are they readily degraded in the soil and hopefully not transported with water into rivers and lakes. With time this could be an ecological disaster...
Yes. The chemical nano-beads have serious toxic effect to our environment and similarly to our health. As the minute size of nano particles have high penetration capacity, so it effect to our health.