Dear Yogesh,

A sensor by definition is device which converts a physical quantity to an electrical quantity. This is because the electrician quantities are easier to measure, acquire process and store.

It is characterized by its:

- sensitivity which is the conversion factor

- detectivity which is the smallest value that can be detected. It is set by the noise

- Linearity; It is preferred for the sensor to be linear ,

- The largest value to be sensed and this sets the dynamic range.

If they measure concentration parameters, it has no sense to cascade them as every sensor detects the required quantity at its location.

If it is energy type then one sums the output of different sensors to get a greater reading. This is some type of integration.

HOWEVER THE MOST SUITABLE WAY TO ENLARGE THE DETECTED QUANTITY IS BY MEANS OF ELECTRONIC AMPLIFIERS. therefore one can increase the sensitivities of the sensor by amplification.

Best wishes

Dear Yogesh Technomania ,

in the ideal case a sensor should be sensitive to only one parameter.

In reality this is unfortunately not the case. In many cases there is a cross talk to the temperature which additionally contributes to the sensor signal.

It is the challenge of senor development to minimize the cross talk from other parameters by passive or active means.

The basic characteristics of a sensor are:

Measurement range

Offset or zero deviation:

Linearity or linear correlation

Sensitivity

Resolution

Response time

Drifts

Repetitiveness

What do you mean by "a sensor"

Can we array the sensor in series and parallel to get high magnitude and strong signal ?

It depends on the of type of sensor you deal with.

For example for a Pt100 (temperature sensor) in series this will work.

For a pressure sensor, whose deflection of a membrane is measured, I cannot imagine and increase of sensitivity by parallel or serial arrangement. Here the geometry of the membrane is the essential parameter.

As far as the primary specific parameter you are dealing with is directly converted into a voltage or current parallel and/or serial arrangements will work.

Also all sensors whose responses depend for example on the length of the sensor element are some kind of sensor array in series.

In one sensor we can establish array of many sensors as sub sensors then there conection output signal will be according to the conmection

Thats my plot

As I said above; it depends on the type of sensor. Please imagine a thermo couple. Any serial or parallel arrangement will fail in increasing the sensitivity.

But you may share on what type of sensors you aim at.....

Respected Yogesh Kumar,

In general, a sensor is that which changes any one or may be more than one of it's properties (which can be measured) by the interaction with some property( which is to be sensed or measured) of a system . The properties of a sensor:

1. It perturbs the system as little as possible.

2. The physical properties which change must follow a mathematical relationship with the property of the system to be measured.

3. Must be reversible in the sense that if the measurement is done several times, the response must be sane.

Though everything has some ageing effect.

Regards

Nityananda Das

A good one mr. Das👍

Dear Yogesh Kumar

Thanks a lot.

Regards

N Das

Thats a good question

Dear Yogesh,

A sensor by definition is device which converts a physical quantity to an electrical quantity. This is because the electrician quantities are easier to measure, acquire process and store.

It is characterized by its:

- sensitivity which is the conversion factor

- detectivity which is the smallest value that can be detected. It is set by the noise

- Linearity; It is preferred for the sensor to be linear ,

- The largest value to be sensed and this sets the dynamic range.

If they measure concentration parameters, it has no sense to cascade them as every sensor detects the required quantity at its location.

If it is energy type then one sums the output of different sensors to get a greater reading. This is some type of integration.

HOWEVER THE MOST SUITABLE WAY TO ENLARGE THE DETECTED QUANTITY IS BY MEANS OF ELECTRONIC AMPLIFIERS. therefore one can increase the sensitivities of the sensor by amplification.

Best wishes

That was very helpfull sir zekry

Dear Yogesh,

Our Prof Abdelhalim Zekry already answered to your first question. Concerning the second question (Can we make a sensor concious? ), the answer is no. The so-called smart sensors, are equipped with signal processing or sometimes complete data acquisition systems and signal transmitters or connected in a sensor network. Some sensors have embedded firmware which enables them not only to acquire signals but also to recognize and decide specific signals (e.g. specific sounds, incomplete shapes and patterns, etc.). However, with all such AI and awareness techniques they cannot be conscious. Awareness is already implemented in computer and smart devices (that turn ON, on arrival of a specific signal). Nevertheless, the human conscience (sensing of himself) is not a mathematical function that can be modeled or implemented, if this what you mean by conscious.

Sir mohammad

M talking about sensor which can do handling of generally one specific target signal(electro chemichal)

But we can we also make a sensor which corresponds to memory unit and processing unit simultainiously

As in a general sensor we have to ampify signal after transfuction then signal goes to analyser (now days mosfets nd other memory processing units)

But if we can associate the transduser unit as memory unit

Like our skin( tactile ,triboelectric,micropotential active ,nd peizo electric )

Then signal will coressponds to processor easily as transducer is processor memory unit

Discussing about sensors is broad.

Sensors basically senses the signal and it does not have the capability to convert from one form to another form. The output of the sensor is given to the Signal conditioning circuit and processed for further action.