I have been doing research on extracting information like acceleration, distance, etc. from an analogue signal by performing analogue signal processing on any type of signal. I haven't found any certain techniques which would help me in providing a formula or any sort of information which would lead to extracting information by analogue signal processing. If anyone is aware of analogue signal processing, could you please enlighten me if it is even possible to do this?
After spending hours, I am at a stage where I feel like it's not even possible to do this.
I think so. The most acceptable method is to convert the measured non-electric quantity (acceleration, distance, etc.) into an electrical quantity (voltage, current, resistance). After receiving the analog electrical signal corresponding to the measured value, you can further work on the processing of this signal. First of all, it will be necessary to choose the appropriate type of sensor (accelerometer, piezo sensor, displacement sensor, etc.). The analog signal received from the sensor will most likely have to be amplified, and then it can be processed using an analog-to-digital converter. But the easiest way is to convert the signal from the sensor into electrical voltage with a value proportional to this value and then using the capabilities of a conventional multimeter, you can control this value. If the received DC signal, then using a multimeter you can easily control the voltage in the range of 1 mV - 1000V. If the AC voltage is less than 200mV, then it must be amplified so that it can be measured with a multimeter.
I wish you success
I think so. The most acceptable method is to convert the measured non-electric quantity (acceleration, distance, etc.) into an electrical quantity (voltage, current, resistance). After receiving the analog electrical signal corresponding to the measured value, you can further work on the processing of this signal. First of all, it will be necessary to choose the appropriate type of sensor (accelerometer, piezo sensor, displacement sensor, etc.). The analog signal received from the sensor will most likely have to be amplified, and then it can be processed using an analog-to-digital converter. But the easiest way is to convert the signal from the sensor into electrical voltage with a value proportional to this value and then using the capabilities of a conventional multimeter, you can control this value. If the received DC signal, then using a multimeter you can easily control the voltage in the range of 1 mV - 1000V. If the AC voltage is less than 200mV, then it must be amplified so that it can be measured with a multimeter.
I wish you success
Hi Sufyan Khurshid ,
what should be located at the end of your signal path? Should it be just an analog measurement resp. recording device or do you intend to build a feedback loop, controlling an analog actuator, or something different?
Second question: Is there a short path between sensor and receiver, or is it a long distance, perhaps in the neighborhood of sources of interference?
In the second case, you could transform the voltage (or current) carrying the information into an AC signal whose frequency carries the information. There are ICs commercially available which do just that.
Hi Joerg Fricke
To answer your first question, it is going to be an analog measurement recording device at the end of signal path.
Second answer: It is going to be a long distance with the interference of other sources. I am going to perform signal separation later to sort it out. Anyways, I have transformed the voltage carrying the information into an AC signal and have extracted important frequency components.
Now I need to create an analog filter to filter out the noise from AC signal. Any tips on that? I have never done analog filtering before. I have done digital filtering multiple times but I have no clue as how to perform analog filtering of AC signal in MATLAB.
Hi Sufyan Khurshid ,
assuming that the interference leaves a certain frequency band rather clean and that you can restrict the information carrying AC to this band, you'll need a band pass filter. If you're eager to learn the details of analog filters, and if you have to describe extensively your methods later on, you could start, for excample, with the Wikipedia article "Active filter", and continue via the references and external links.
(I would like to recommend a book on this topic but I have only one in German language at hand at the moment, sorry.)
But if you want just results for the moment, you could use one of the filter design programs available; this is an online "wizard", for example:
https://www.analog.com/designtools/en/filterwizard/
The global answer to: how to extract information from an analog signal? is design a low noise input amplifier to provide high output signal to noise ratio (SNR).
The local answer depends on the signal chain conditioning of sensor and analog electronics. For example, what is the sensor's output signal range in voltage, current, charge or resistance? is DC or AC coupling required? What is the bandwidth of the sensor signal? Is there any interfering signal at the sensor's output or high common mode noise? Is the total signal chain low power? high voltage? high Frequency? What is the amplifier's voltage and current noise? and if the signal is to be digitized then what is the analog input range of the analog to digital converter (ADC) in bits and SNR? The answers to all of the above questions are required for a high performance analog signal processing design.
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