I am looking for studies on the occurrence of cracks in different types of steel when the temperature is raised and lowered around a certain value (e.g. the austenite transformation temperature).
Which steel grades are more susceptible, and which are less?
How many temperature transitions (and for which steel grades) cause cracking?
Steel susceptibility to cracking during temperature transitions, particularly around the austenite transformation temperatures (Ac1, Ac3), depends on the composition and cooling conditions. Steels with higher alloying elements like molybdenum (Mo) and nickel (Ni) have higher transformation temperatures and are generally less prone to cracking compared to steels with lower alloying content. The occurrence of cracks is more likely during rapid temperature changes, especially when the steel undergoes multiple thermal cycles that induce internal stresses.
For example, advanced high-strength steels (AHSS) with higher Mo levels exhibit controlled transformation temperatures, which can reduce the risk of cracking during cooling cycles. Additionally, micro-alloyed steels such as S355, if cooled too rapidly near critical phase transformation points, can experience cracking due to ferrite precipitation along grain boundaries.
Managing cooling rates and thermal cycles is crucial in preventing cracking, especially when dealing with multiple temperature transitions.
Dear Raghad Mouhamad! Thank you for the detailed answer! Please let me know, if you know some published studies on this topic.
Hello Anna Ivanova,
I suggest to study "hot-shortness" topic in steels. This phenomenon is typically caused by segregation of impurity elements at grain boundaries and then forming low-melting point phases (such as iron sulfide in case of low-manganese steels with high sulfur content or copper-rich phases in case of copper-bearing steels).
Dear Amir Sabet Ghorabaei! Thank you very much for your so useful advice!
Thanks to you I was able to find this article. And it seems that this is what is needed
Article Hot Ductility and Hot-Shortness of Steel and Measurement Tec...
This article is about "that introducing cyclic temperature oscillations widened and deepened the ductility trough and this was further aggravated by increasing the amplitude of the oscillations."
Article The Influence of Cyclic Temperature Oscillations on Precipit...
The full text is here: Article The Influence of Cyclic Temperature Oscillations on Precipit...
Influence of thermal history on hot ductility of steel and its relationship to the problem of cracking in continuous casting
(Hot ductility of peritectic C steels)
Article Influence of thermal history on hot ductility of steel and i...
About Corner Cracking
Pranav Kumar TripathiD Satish KumarD Satish KumarT. RajendraS. C. Vishwanath.
Mitigation of Corner Cracking in Continuously Cast Steel Slabs Through Strain Induced Crack Opening Test
September 2023Journal of Failure Analysis and Prevention 23(7–8)
DOI: 10.1007/s11668-023-01758-w
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11668-023-01758-w
Full text:
Article Mitigation of Corner Cracking in Continuously Cast Steel Sla...
More detailed investigation about what happened between grains:
Mintz B, Yue S, Jonas JJ. Hot ductility of steels and its relationship to the problem of transverse cracking during continuous casting. International Materials Reviews. 1991;36(1):187-220. doi:10.1179/imr.1991.36.1.187
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1179/imr.1991.36.1.187
More detailed with specific cases:
B Mintz and D N Crowther.
Hot ductility of steels and its relationship to the problem of transverse cracking in continuous casting
International Materials Reviews 2010 55:3, 168-196
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1179/095066009X12572530170624
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