Search for Mandelkow and Mandelkow , you will get many

amazing suggestion: the Mandelkow's are "Tau-experts-par-excellence" ...

more amyloid-ofilic pathologists are Braak & Braak, Charles Duyckaerts, Bradley Hyman, Dick Dickson, Dietmar Thal, ... a.m.m. 

Thanku Chanakya Nugoor

Thanks a lot professor. i will look into the reference papers.

There is a good study by the European dementia clinics (Prestia et al, Neurology 2013;80:1048-1056).  They did PIB scans yearly in aMCI patients to test the amyloid model that says that amyloid accumulation in the brain precedes PET changes and that these changes both precede MRI changes in AD patients.

It turns out that the amyloid model explains 74% of the aMCI patients. 

dear Samson,

I've just downloaded the following abstract, Mauro

See comment in PubMed Commons below

Neurology. 2014 Nov 18;83(21):1936-44. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000001003. Epub 2014 Oct 24.

Anatomical heterogeneity of Alzheimer disease: based on cortical thickness on MRIs.

Noh Y1, Jeon S1, Lee JM2, Seo SW1, Kim GH1, Cho H1, Ye BS1, Yoon CW1, Kim HJ1, Chin J1, Park KH1, Heilman KM1, Na DL2.

Author information

1From the Department of Neurology (Y.N., K.H.P.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.J., J.M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul; Department of Neurology (S.W.S., H.J.K., J.C., D.L.N.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (B.S.Y.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (C.W.Y.), Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Department of Neurology (K.M.H.), University of Florida and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville.

2From the Department of Neurology (Y.N., K.H.P.), Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon; Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.J., J.M.L.), Hanyang University, Seoul; Department of Neurology (S.W.S., H.J.K., J.C., D.L.N.), Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (G.H.K.), Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (H.C.), Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (B.S.Y.), Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul; Department of Neurology (C.W.Y.), Inha University Hospital, Inha University School of Medicine, Incheon, Korea; and Department of Neurology (K.M.H.), University of Florida and Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville. [email protected] [email protected].

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Because the signs associated with dementia due to Alzheimer disease (AD) can be heterogeneous, the goal of this study was to use 3-dimensional MRI to examine the various patterns of cortical atrophy that can be associated with dementia of AD type, and to investigate whether AD dementia can be categorized into anatomical subtypes.

METHODS:

High-resolution T1-weighted volumetric MRIs were taken of 152 patients in their earlier stages of AD dementia. The images were processed to measure cortical thickness, and hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis was performed using Ward's clustering linkage. The identified clusters of patients were compared with an age- and sex-matched control group using a general linear model.

RESULTS:

There were several distinct patterns of cortical atrophy and the number of patterns varied according to the level of cluster analyses. At the 3-cluster level, patients were divided into (1) bilateral medial temporal-dominant atrophy subtype (n = 52, ∼ 34.2%), (2) parietal-dominant subtype (n = 28, ∼ 18.4%) in which the bilateral parietal lobes, the precuneus, along with bilateral dorsolateral frontal lobes, were atrophic, and (3) diffuse atrophy subtype (n = 72, ∼ 47.4%) in which nearly all association cortices revealed atrophy. These 3 subtypes also differed in their demographic and clinical features.

CONCLUSIONS:

This cluster analysis of cortical thickness of the entire brain showed that AD dementia in the earlier stages can be categorized into various anatomical subtypes, with distinct clinical features.

© 2014 American Academy of Neurology.

PMID: 25344382  [PubMed - in process]     PMCID: PMC4248459

[Available on 2015/11/18]

The increasing use of biomarkers, such as β amyloid and tau, to diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD) will likely lead to more accurate estimates of the true incidence and prevalence of the disease, concludes a new special report from the Alzheimer's Association (AA).

The report is included in the association's annual "2017 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures" document.

AD biomarkers have the potential to facilitate earlier and more accurate diagnosis and treatment, according to the report, authored by Heather M. Snyder, PhD, senior director, medical & scientific operations, Alzheimer's Association, and colleagues.