The readiness potential (RP) is a neural signal that has been observed in experiments using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) that precedes a voluntary movement. The concept of RP was first introduced by the neuroscientist Benjamin Libet in the 1980s. Libet's experiment involved measuring the brain activity of participants using EEG while they performed a simple finger movement task. He found that a negative shift in the EEG signal, known as the RP, occurred in the brain about a third of a second before the participants were aware of their decision to move their finger.

Libet's experiments and the concept of RP have been widely discussed and debated in the field of neuroscience, particularly in relation to the question of free will. Libet's interpretation of the RP was that it suggests that the brain initiates a movement before a person is aware of their decision to move, suggesting that our sense of free will is an illusion.

However, there have been several criticisms and objections to Libet's experiment and interpretation. One of the main criticisms is that the task used in the experiment is too simple and not representative of more complex and naturalistic decision-making. Some researchers argue that the RP might reflect the preparation for movement rather than the initiation of movement. Other criticisms include the small sample size, the use of a non-random timing method, and the fact that the task does not truly test for free will.

Additionally, more recent studies using more advanced techniques such as fMRI and TMS have challenged Libet's findings and provided alternative explanations for the RP, such as the involvement of different brain regions and the role of attention and decision-making.

Rodolfo Bolaños Barrera Thank you so much for your answer, appreciated. Actually I was looking for explanations of objections of Libet's conclusions (like Schurger's experiment and his conclusions).