Adsorption is the method most widely used to remove/reduce the azo dye concentrations from aqueous solutions because of simplicity and low investment. Azo dyes are widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, textile, and leather industries. The chemical structure of this color contains insoluble azo groups (- N=N -). Therefore, this color is called azo color.
To remove azo dye following methods are used
1. Adsorption,
2. filtration,
3. photo-oxidation,
4. coagulation,
5. chemical oxidation,
6. advanced oxidation process (AOP),
7. biodegradation,
Alum and ferric chloride coagulants were used to increase the size of flocs in various pH and color removal from water.
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/58265
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Treatment-methods-for-the-removal-of-dyes-from-wastewater-effluent_fig1_229404625
https://iwaponline.com/aqua/article/doi/10.2166/aqua.2024.292/100246/A-comprehensive-review-on-adsorptive-removal-of
Dear Nursena Demi̇r
Mr. Prem Baboo listed all classic methods to remove azo dyes.
Separation methods 1, 2 and 4 only move the azo dyes from the water phase to the solid phase. The chemical and physical oxidation methods 3, 5 and 6 are not selective and consume a lot of chemicals and/or electrical power.
Hence the only truly sustainable method remains (enhanced) biodegradation (7). For recalcitrant organic and organic nitrogen compounds such as azo dyes, we apply a 3-stage approach for these substrates: (1) biosorption followed by (2) molecular breakdown by microbial enzymes and (3) bio-oxidation incl. efficient nitrogen removal via the nitrite shortcut and anammox. Our proven approach is supported by continuous kinetic and metabolic selection of the micropopulation to boost its biosorption and enzymatic capacities. This results in very clean effluent as shown on https://www.modelengineering.eu/circulate_water .
A good option for the removal and treatment of this type of pollutant would be advanced oxidation processes, such as the Fenton process.
Best regards
Coagulation and flocculation followed by ozonation. Try non-ionic flocculants using Jar Test.
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