Dear researchers,
Looking at the materials, it can be found that the researchers used the same materials for the modification of polymeric membranes for both ultrafiltration (UF) and membrane distillation (MD) processes while UF membranes are hydrophilic and, in contrast, MD membranes are hydrophobic.
For example, using TiO2 makes the PVDF MD membranes hydrophobic and also this material makes the PVDF UF membranes hydrophilic while the polymer and solvent of the dope solutions are the same.
How can we explain this issue? Why do we use the same modifiers or pore-formers in UF and MD membranes?
Regards
When using hydrophillic nano-fillers for hydrophobic application, we normally hydrophobize them using fluoroalkyl silanes. On the contrary, you could just purchase the hydrophobic nanoparticles instead. But most inorganic nanoparticles like SiO2 are normally hydrophilic.
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