Can we use dextran and levamisole as an adjuvant for bacterial antigens/ vaccines?
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260186262_A_study_on_factors_influencing_%27O%27_and_%27H%27_agglutinin_titres_of_hyper_immune_serum_raised_in_rabbits_against_Salmonella_and_E_coli
Dextran and levamisole are known to enhance the immune response since long and have been suggested to be used with vaccines. Levamisole is reported to improve the immune system response by stimulating macrophage and T cell functions. However, in our studies on rabbits both when used as adjuvant exerted an adverse effect on antibody titers against ‘O’ and ‘H’ antigens of Salmonella.
Article A study on factors influencing 'O' and 'H' agglutinin titres...
The concept of Adjuvant was inflamation, for slow release of antigen when I was a student. (AFAIK) I think it is not correct nor needed now.
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I don't know how Dextran has a effect as it will be metabolised quickly. It is also so much solvable. Levamisole msy create problems later as it is against phosphatase. So I suggest low dosages of antigen
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