Uncontrolled bleeding is the reason for approximately half the deaths on military battlefields and is the second most common cause of death associated with trauma. Bleeding occurs as injuries related to trauma, war and disaster injuries, from cutting or penetrating instrument wounds, as nose bleeds, bleeding following burns and gastrointestinal system bleeding. Whatever the amount, cause and form, the early stoppage of bleeding is important. Bleeding during surgical procedures also requires similar immediate intervention. Insufficient haemostasis causes various bleeding complications. Bleeding events may be encountered in the form of leakage from the operation site to those requiring transfusion and as far as the impairment of organ functions with haemorrhagic shock eventually resulting in the loss of the patient. Agents used for the early stoppage of bleeding are known as blood stoppers or haemostatic drugs. Blood stopper agents are widely used in Emergency Departments, ambulances and modern surgery. Blood stopper agents must not only be effective in stopping the haemorrhage but also in the continuation of blood flow.

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