Coding themes may include the TV station, the duration or the gender of the comedians or actors. Without the research objectives, a robust coding sheet can't be developed.
Just sit down and think about what you want to ask. Then consider your questions or scales. Its not difficult to develop a set of scales once you know what material you want to analyse. I help stage I students create effective coding sheets regularly. Mostly you just need to think what you want to know.
You probably see a trend emerging with the answers: you have to figure out what it is that you wish to observe and describe. As you read literature in your topic area, what theories did you see being used? What variables were mentioned and why? When you can answer these questions, you will be ready to sit down and map out the coding variables for your study. There is no "one-size fits all" coding sheet for this - but if you can find someone who has done a similar study, you could request to see their coding sheet. Then you could modify it as you see fit, giving credit where credit is due to the other person, of course.
I'm assuming that you are doing some sort of analysis of the content of these shows. If so, decide if you are doing a quantitative study - or whether you are aiming towards a more qualitative method. So, you might go with a quantitative content analysis, or qualitative description, or even discourse analysis of the participant's language-use (on jokes), for example. If you are looking at one show, you might go more qualitative, if you have many episodes of a show or multiple shows, then the quantitative route might be more feasible. You can always use a bit of both!
Start by reading the literature, find some previous studies that take on the examination of television content. Again, see what theories are guiding the research. The theory provides the lens through which you can understand things and then proceed to develop your variables and observe the unit(s) of analysis.
you might go with a quantitative content analysis, or qualitative description, or even discourse analysis of the participant's language-use on political programmes. Content analysis is a particularly reliable means of analyzing qualitative data in that reliability of coding decisions can be confirmed by revisiting previously coded data periodically to check the stability over time. Content analysis facilitates the production of core constructs from textual data through a systematic method of reduction and analysis. The number of times a similar piece of text or idea unit is attributed to a particular category can then be counted. Concepts are then further explored and indexed according to content in a process of political comedy programes.
Content analysis involves the following steps: (1) selecting a topic (2) deciding on the sample (3) defining concepts or units to be counted (4) constructing categories (5) creating coding forms (6) training coders (7) collecting data (8) determining intercoder reliability(9) analyzing data and (10) reporting results.
Once you have considered what it is you want to ask and have decided on some scales that matchi it, then you need to consider what type of data you are collecting - is it quantitative or qualitative or a mixture of both. That determines if you are asking the right kind of questions. Now your scale or question types. Is it mainly nominal, ordinal, interview or ratio? Is there a good mix? There is nothing more offputting to a respondent than row upon row of the same type of scale. Use a good balance, think of it like brain gym. Check that the personal data is in the correct space like income etc - should be near the end or finish of the questionnaire when trust has been established. Lay it out attractively. Whether online or on paper - lots of white space. Simple instructions. Finally, pilot it. Then make some changes and pilot it again.