As Attias has already explained, these two terms have been introduced by F. Tönnies at the end of the 19th century and they correspond - as Amir has pointed it out - to what Durkheim has called "organic society" (for "Gemeinschaft") and "mecanic society" (for Gesellschaft).

More concretely speaking, "Gemeinschaften" are grounded (following Tönnies but also other classical sociologists such as especially M. Weber) in the "subjective feeling" of an individual to belong to a group or a kind of transcending collective entity. The three classical examples are kinship, (immediate) socio-spatial vicinity and friendship. Other frequently quoted examples are religious communities, communities referring to a common origin (ethnies, clans, ...), communities of knowledge and believes or finally, to-day, so-called post-modern (brand, consumer, behavioral, ...) communities.

Gesellschaften ("societes" in the modern sense) are considered as the concertation (cooperation and coercition) of actors pursuing common goals which are of interest for the individual. The most typical examples are bureaucracy (cf. M. Weber) and modern institutions: the company (the "firm"), the public administration, the (local, national, ...) government, the army, the police, the educational system, etc. etc.

Sana........Please refer the attachment......Even I'm not completely aware with differences but as I work with one of the Gmbh I could understand some.....

Terms introduced into social science by the German sociologist Ferdinand Tönnies in 1887. Most commonly translated as ‘community’ and ‘association’, the concepts refer not only to idealized types of society but also more broadly to forms of social organization and social relationships. geminischaft is New York City is an example. People are individualistic and often about them selves. Status is earned by education and work. Deviant behaviors is allowed. People move out on their own without and geseschaft is Family gathering,Resources available to you along with the specific topic at hand will help determine the kinds of examples you will provide. Examples can be specific physical objects that are representative of groups or classes of things. If you are giving a lecture on gems and minerals, it would be very useful for you to have a wide variety of interesting gems and minerals for your audience to examine directly. If you are discussing one or another kind of music, or for that matter world music, you can and should provide recorded examples of many of them. along with examples of the scored music if applicable, or even some of the musical instruments. Perhaps you are talking about various processes that involve converting raw or elemental sources of energy into useful forms, either mechanical or electrical. You could simply verbally describe some of the processes by which this is done, and you may be able to demonstrate some of these processes directly to the audience, or indirectly

This concepts are more near to the concepts of Durkheim; mechanical societies and organic societies. Gemeinschaft was closed society (mechanical) or a collective society or a village society. Gesellschaft was open society (organic) or individualists society or an open society (near to the concept of mass society.

As Attias has already explained, these two terms have been introduced by F. Tönnies at the end of the 19th century and they correspond - as Amir has pointed it out - to what Durkheim has called "organic society" (for "Gemeinschaft") and "mecanic society" (for Gesellschaft).

More concretely speaking, "Gemeinschaften" are grounded (following Tönnies but also other classical sociologists such as especially M. Weber) in the "subjective feeling" of an individual to belong to a group or a kind of transcending collective entity. The three classical examples are kinship, (immediate) socio-spatial vicinity and friendship. Other frequently quoted examples are religious communities, communities referring to a common origin (ethnies, clans, ...), communities of knowledge and believes or finally, to-day, so-called post-modern (brand, consumer, behavioral, ...) communities.

Gesellschaften ("societes" in the modern sense) are considered as the concertation (cooperation and coercition) of actors pursuing common goals which are of interest for the individual. The most typical examples are bureaucracy (cf. M. Weber) and modern institutions: the company (the "firm"), the public administration, the (local, national, ...) government, the army, the police, the educational system, etc. etc.

Just remember:

Gemeinschaft: organic society

Gesellschaft: mechanic society

Gemeinschaft is German for 'community', and Gesellschaft is German for 'society'

"Gemeinschaft is a social association in which the individuals are inclined towards social community rather than their individual wants and needs. Gesellschaft is a civil society in which the individual needs are given more importance than the social association."

Gemeinschaft predates Toennies since Martin Luther used the word in Apostles Creed. He used gemeinschaft for "communion of saints." It would be useful to obtain information from German colleagues who can find the origin of the word. It is interesting that the word gemein "common" + -schaft "ship." Is it possible that this word is orginally from the Viking era? 

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I wrote an article for the Encyclopedia of Sociology about this question a couple of years ago. A copy of the article is found here at reseacrchgate. Article "Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Societies"