Immunogenicity is the ability to induce a humoral and/or cell mediated immune response while reactogenicity is the property of a vaccine of being able to produce excessive immunological responses and associated signs and symptoms.
Immunogenicity refers to the ability of the vaccine to elicit an immune response, whereas reactogenicity refers to the degree to which the vaccine can provoke adverse side effects through excessive immune responses, such as a fever, or bruising/swelling at the injection site.
Reactogenicity is generally due to an innate immune response and occurs soon after vaccination. Some reactogenicity is needed in order to induce a good adaptive antibody and cellular immune response.
few papers you may find interesting
Cytokine adjuvants for vaccine therapy of neoplastic and infectious disease.Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2011 Aug;22(4):177-87.
Decker WK1, Safdar A.
Abstract
Vaccination, the revolutionary prophylactic immunotherapy developed in the eighteenth century, has become the most successful and cost-effective of medical remedies available to modern society. Due to the remarkable accomplishments of the past century, the number of diseases and pathogens for which a traditional vaccine approach might reasonably be employed has dwindled to unprecedented levels. While this happy scenario bodes well for the future of public health, modern immunologists and vaccinologists face significant challenges if we are to address the scourge of recalcitrant pathogens like HIV and HCV and well as the significant obstacles to immunotherapy imposed by neoplastic self. Here, the authors review the clinical and preclinical literature to highlight the manner by which the host immune system can be successfully manipulated by cytokine adjuvants, thereby significantly enhancing the efficacy of a wide variety of vaccination platforms.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Baculovirus-expressed influenza vaccine. A novel technology for safe and expeditious vaccine production for human use. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2007 Jul;16(7):927-34.
Safdar A1, Cox MM.
Abstract
Effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in persons with high-risk conditions needs to be improved. In this paper, the authors review various vaccination strategies, including repeated doses of the vaccine or the use of higher hemagglutinin (HA) content vaccines that have been shown to result in improved immunogenicity. A recombinant HA vaccine produced in insect cells using the baculovirus vectors system presents the possibility for safe and expeditious vaccine production. The high purity of the antigen enables administration at much higher doses without a significant increase in side effects in human subjects. An overview of the use of this production system for the development of alternative influenza vaccine targets is also provided, such as neuraminidase and possibly M2. However, the role of M2 may be more appropriate as an adjuvant vaccine in combination with standard HA vaccine supplement and needs further evaluation. The conclusion that the insect cell-baculovirus production technology is a modern solution for rapid viral or parasitic antigen production is made and that this technology is particularly suitable for influenza where annual adjustment of the vaccine is required. In addition, a highly purified recombinant protein vaccine results in an improved influenza vaccine response in those with high-risk medical conditions.
PMID:
17594180
[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Immunogenicity is the ability to induce a humoral and/or cell mediated immune response while reactogenicity is the property of a vaccine of being able to produce excessive immunological responses and associated signs and symptoms.
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